Single-lead ECG Signal Processing for Motion Artifact Removal
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Solution Overview
Problem
Single-arm ECG measurements suffer from severe interference, such as electromyography and motion artifacts, which significantly affect the accuracy of heart rate calculation and cardiac rhythm analysis in portable single-lead electrocardiograph collection devices.
Innovation Solution
An ECG signal processing method that extracts valid QRS complexes, calculates time differences between peak points of R waves, and selects a target time difference to determine heart rate, while filtering out motion artifacts and evaluating signal quality to ensure accurate measurements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If single-arm measurement mode is used for portable ECG collection, then application scenario and portability are improved, but measurement precision deteriorates due to severe interference from electromyography and motion artifacts
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes motion artifact segments from the ECG signal based on motion detection thresholds. When motion exceeds a predetermined threshold, the corresponding signal segments are identified and removed, leaving only the clean ECG portions for analysis. This directly addresses the measurement precision deterioration by eliminating the harmful motion artifacts while preserving portability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces motion detection algorithms and signal processing intermediaries that act as mediators between the noisy single-arm measurement and the final heart rate calculation. By detecting motion patterns and using them as intermediate indicators, the system can identify and exclude contaminated signal segments, thereby improving measurement precision without sacrificing the convenience of single-arm measurement.
2Ease of operation
If single-arm measurement mode is used for portable ECG collection, then ease of operation is improved, but reliability deteriorates due to motion artifacts affecting cardiac rhythm analysis
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts motion artifact segments from the ECG signal using motion detection thresholds and removes them before cardiac rhythm analysis. This extraction process ensures that only clean, reliable ECG portions are used for rhythm analysis, thereby maintaining high reliability while preserving the ease of single-arm operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms where motion detection results are fed back into the signal processing pipeline to dynamically adjust which signal segments are used for analysis. This feedback loop continuously monitors for motion artifacts and adjusts the analysis accordingly, ensuring reliable cardiac rhythm analysis even during single-arm measurement.
3Device complexity
If conventional single-lead measurement modes are used, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates due to severe interference in single-arm measurement
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex multi-lead mechanical electrode configurations with a simplified single-lead system that uses software-based motion detection and signal filtering algorithms. Instead of requiring multiple physical electrodes, the system uses computational methods to identify and remove motion artifacts, thereby maintaining low device complexity while improving measurement precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the processing parameters of the ECG signal by applying motion detection thresholds and segment selection criteria. By dynamically adjusting which signal segments are analyzed based on motion parameters, the system improves measurement precision without adding physical complexity to the device.
Data Source
AI summary
An electrocardiograph (ECG) signal processing method and apparatus to resolve a problem that relatively severe interference caused during single-arm measurement for single-lead ECG collection seriously affects accuracy of heart rate calculation and cardiac rhythm analysis. The method includes collecting, by a measurement device, an ECG signal, extracting a kth valid QRS complex of the ECG signal, calculating a kth time difference and a (k+1)th time difference, and determining whether the kth time difference and the (k+1)th time difference are target time differences. In this way, accuracy of ECG feature extraction is improved, the interference caused during the single-arm measurement is eliminated to the most extent, and the accuracy of heart rate calculation and cardiac rhythm analysis can be effectively guaranteed.