ECG Respiratory Effort Detection via Signal Modulation Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current ECG devices can only measure respiratory rate and transthoracic impedance, which are limited in assessing respiratory function and diagnosing diseases, as they do not provide a comprehensive view of respiratory effort.
Innovation Solution
An ECG device system that analyzes changes in amplitude and frequency modulations of the ECG signal to determine respiratory effort, combining this with respiratory rate and tidal volume to diagnose disease statuses and titrate medications accordingly.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If ECG device measures only respiratory rate and transthoracic impedance, then the device complexity is low, but the measurement precision and diagnostic capability are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses amplitude modulation and frequency modulation of the ECG signal as intermediary parameters to indirectly measure respiratory effort. By analyzing how the ECG signal's amplitude and frequency are modulated by respiratory movements, the system can derive respiratory effort information without adding complex dedicated respiratory sensors, thus improving measurement precision while controlling device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent makes the ECG device multi-functional by enabling it to simultaneously measure cardiac electrical activity and respiratory parameters. By extracting respiratory rate, tidal volume, and respiratory effort information from the same ECG signal used for cardiac monitoring, the device achieves comprehensive respiratory function assessment without requiring separate measurement systems.
2Adaptability or versatility
If ECG device analyzes amplitude and frequency modulations to detect respiratory effort, then the diagnostic capability improves, but the difficulty of detecting and measuring increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical respiratory measurement systems with electrical signal analysis. By substituting dedicated respiratory sensors and mechanical measurement apparatus with analysis of ECG signal modulations, the system achieves versatile disease diagnosis capability while avoiding the complexity of multiple mechanical sensing systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the measurement approach by changing from direct mechanical respiratory parameter measurement to analyzing electrical signal parameters (amplitude and frequency modulations). This parameter transformation enables the detection of respiratory effort, respiratory rate, and tidal volume through electrical signal characteristics, improving diagnostic versatility while managing measurement difficulty through established signal processing techniques.
3Loss of information
If ECG device provides comprehensive respiratory parameters, then the loss of information is reduced, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves comprehensive respiratory information extraction from a single ECG signal source. By simultaneously deriving respiratory rate, tidal volume, and respiratory effort metrics from the same ECG measurements used for cardiac monitoring, the system minimizes information loss while avoiding the complexity of multiple separate monitoring systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges cardiac monitoring and respiratory monitoring functions into a single integrated system. By combining the measurement of ECG signal characteristics for both cardiac and respiratory parameter extraction, the system provides complete respiratory function information without the complexity of separate dedicated monitoring apparatus.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables the detection of changes in respiratory effort, allowing for the diagnosis of conditions like pneumonia, asthma, and COPD, and enables automatic titration of medications based on respiratory parameters, improving patient monitoring and treatment efficacy.
Implementation Method 1
detecting a change in modulation of the ECG signal between a first portion of the ECG signal and a second portion of the ECG signal
Implementation Method 2
detecting a change in modulation of the ECG signal between a first portion of the ECG signal and a second portion of the ECG signal
Implementation Method 3
an ECG device may be used to measure a patient's respiratory rate and transthoracic impedance (TTI), and the TTI measurement may be used to determine a tidal volume (TV) of the patient's lungs
Data Source
AI summary
Methods, systems, and devices for measuring respiratory parameters from an ECG device are described. The method may include receiving an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal associated with a patient. The method may further include detecting a change in modulation of the ECG signal between a first portion of the ECG signal and a second portion of the ECG signal. The method may further include determining a change in respiratory effort of the patient based at least in part on the change in modulation.