In-Vehicle ECU Secure Communication via Segmented Security Architecture
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing vehicular computer systems face security vulnerabilities due to the increasing number of electronic control units (ECUs), making them susceptible to cyber threats and malicious control.
Innovation Solution
A security architecture that enables secure communication between ECUs by provisioning them with authentication data and security keys, allowing for secure Firmware Over-The-Air (FOTA) updates, Map Over-The-Air (MOTA) updates, and legitimate ECU replacement, without requiring detailed prior knowledge of the ECUs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the number of ECUs is increased to enhance vehicle functionality, then the versatility and capability of the vehicular system is improved, but the security vulnerability and susceptibility to cyber threats increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the vehicular network into multiple isolated communication domains or zones, where each ECU operates within its own secured domain. This segmentation prevents a security breach in one domain from propagating to other domains, thereby maintaining system reliability while supporting numerous ECUs for enhanced functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces intermediary security components such as security gateways, authentication servers, or trust management entities that mediate communication between ECUs. These intermediaries verify identities, manage security credentials, and enforce access policies, allowing multiple ECUs to communicate securely without directly exposing each other to threats.
2Reliability
If automated secure communication protocols are implemented between ECUs, then the security against cyber threats is improved, but the device complexity and implementation difficulty increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-service mechanisms where ECUs automatically perform security functions such as mutual authentication, key exchange, and credential verification without requiring manual configuration or intervention. The system autonomously manages security protocols, reducing implementation complexity while maintaining high security standards.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs universal security protocols and standardized authentication mechanisms that can be applied across all ECUs regardless of their specific functions. This multi-functional security framework provides consistent protection throughout the vehicular network while simplifying implementation through reuse of proven security patterns.
3Reliability
If manual security configuration of each ECU is performed, then the security key provisioning is accurate and reliable, but the time consumption and manufacturing efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs security key provisioning and authentication configuration as preliminary actions during ECU manufacturing or system initialization, before the ECUs are deployed or activated. Security credentials are pre-loaded and configured automatically, ensuring accuracy while eliminating time-consuming manual configuration steps during assembly or operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces manual mechanical configuration processes with automated electronic provisioning systems. Security keys and authentication parameters are distributed programmatically through secure communication channels, eliminating the need for physical key distribution or manual configuration interfaces, thereby大幅提高 manufacturing efficiency while maintaining provisioning accuracy.
Data Source
AI summary
Aspects of the present disclosure address systems, methods, and devices for enabling secure communication between electronic control units (ECUs) in a vehicle. The system may include a first and second ECU from a plurality of ECUs in the vehicle. The first ECU is to enable secure communication between the plurality of ECUs by performing operations that include provisioning the second ECU with authentication data for authenticating messages exchanged with a third ECU and provisioning the third ECU with a set of security keys to enable the third ECU to securely exchange messages with the second ECU. The second ECU receives, from the third ECU, a secure message that is cryptographically signed using a security key from the set of security keys provisioned to the third ECU, and the second ECU authenticates the secure message by comparing the authentication data with an authentication signal.