Resistive Component Shifting Current in EDI Outlet

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing electrodeionization (EDI) systems face challenges in maintaining balanced current distribution across the resin bed, leading to inefficiencies in deionization performance due to varying ion mobilities and conductivity gradients, which are not effectively addressed by prior art.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a resistive component near the outlet region of the EDI device, either on the anion or cation membranes, to increase electrical resistance and balance current distribution between the inlet and outlet regions, thereby enhancing deionization performance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If the conductivity of the resin bed is uniform throughout, then the device structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but the current distribution is unbalanced leading to poor deionization performance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeionization performanceVSAvoidresin bed structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by creating zones with different resin properties within the bed. Specifically, it uses resin beads with different functional groups (strong acid cation exchange resin in the first zone, weak acid cation exchange resin in the second zone) and varies the ratio of anion-exchange to cation-exchange resin capacities across zones. This local differentiation of resin characteristics creates non-uniform conductivity distribution that optimizes current flow and deionization performance in different regions of the device.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Manufacturing precision

If the electrical resistance of the outlet region is increased, then the current distribution is improved with more current flowing through the inlet region, but this requires additional components increasing device complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecurrent distributionVSAvoiddevice structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements local quality by creating distinct zones with different electrical resistance characteristics. The first zone (inlet region) is designed with lower electrical resistance through using strong acid cation exchange resin and higher anion-exchange to cation-exchange resin capacity ratios, while the second zone (outlet region) has higher electrical resistance through using weak acid cation exchange resin and lower anion-exchange to cation-exchange resin capacity ratios. This spatial variation in resistance properties naturally directs current distribution without requiring additional external components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Manufacturing precision

If alternating layers of ion exchange resin with different conductivity are used, then current distribution can be modified, but the manufacturing process becomes more complex requiring precise layering

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecurrent distribution controlVSAvoidmanufacturing process
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by creating zones with different resin properties within the bed. Specifically, it uses resin beads with different functional groups (strong acid cation exchange resin in the first zone, weak acid cation exchange resin in the second zone) and varies the ratio of anion-exchange to cation-exchange resin capacities across zones. This local differentiation of resin characteristics creates non-uniform conductivity distribution that optimizes current flow and deionization performance in different regions of the device.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The resistive component improves current distribution, reducing impurity ion penetration and enhancing the overall deionization process by shifting a greater percentage of electrical current to the inlet region, resulting in higher purity water production.

Implementation Method 1

the resistive component functions to increase the electrical resistance across the outlet region of the chamber with respect to the inlet region of the chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical Resistance: Electrical Resistance

Implementation Method 2

The current passes through the bed via ion migration through both the solution and the ion-exchange beads

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIon Exchange: Ion Exchange

Implementation Method 3

ion migration through both the solution and the ion-exchange beads, with water dissociation occurring at the anion-cation, bead-bead and bead-membrane interfaces

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrophoresis: Electrophoresis

Implementation Method 4

water dissociation occurring at the anion-cation, bead-bead and bead-membrane interfaces

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrolysis: Electrolysis

Data Source

PatentEP2029262B1Method and apparatus for shifting current distribution in electrodeionization systems
Publication Date: 2012.06.13 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP2029262B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP2029262B1 patent drawingFigure 1c~1d
  • EP2029262B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2b

AI summary

An electrodeionization (EDI) apparatus (10) and method comprising an ion-depleting chamber (20) for removing ions from liquids passed therethrough, wherein a resistive component (32) is coupled proximate the outlet region of the chamber so as to increase the electrical resistance of the outlet region of the chamber with respect to the inlet region of the chamber. The resistive component may be coupled to the ion-selective membranes (22,24) bordering the diluting chamber (20) and/or the concentrate chambers (21). In an alternative embodiment, the resistive component may be coupled between the ion- exchanging media particles themselves within the ion-depleting chambers. In each embodiment, the electrical resistance of the outlet region is increased with respect to the inlet region of the chamber, with results being that electrical current is shifted from the outlet region toward the inlet region, thus enhancing overall deionization performance of the EDI device.