Electric Double Layer Capacitor Antenna for NFC Energy Harvesting

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Portable electronic devices face limitations in data transfer rate and communication range due to constrained electrical energy, particularly in near field communication (NFC) and other frequency bands, as existing energy storage devices like lithium ion batteries are insufficient for efficient wireless communication.

Innovation Solution

An apparatus comprising an electric double layer capacitor sandwiched between two flexible printed circuits, with conductors acting as current collectors and resonating in specific frequency bands, enabling efficient energy storage and wireless communication by providing electrical energy to radio frequency circuitry and charging circuitry.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If a lithium ion battery is used for electrical energy storage, then the device can operate for extended periods, but the data transfer rate and communication range are constrained due to insufficient electrical energy availability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical energy availabilityVSAvoiddata transfer rate
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the antenna and electrical energy storage device into a single integrated structure. The antenna serves dual purposes: wireless communication and energy storage through electromagnetic resonance. This merging allows the system to improve data transfer rate and communication range while maintaining adequate energy availability, as the same structure performs both functions simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The antenna structure is designed to perform multiple functions: it acts as both a communication antenna and an electrical energy storage device. By tuning the resonant frequency and electrical length, the antenna can store electrical energy while maintaining its communication capabilities, thus improving overall energy availability without sacrificing data transfer performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Reliability

If the antenna electrical length is increased to improve resonance in a frequency band, then the communication performance improves, but the device size increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication performanceVSAvoidantenna electrical length
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLength of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a flexible printed circuit board (FPC) to implement the antenna structure. The FPC allows the antenna to achieve the required electrical length for resonance while maintaining a compact, flexible form factor. The flexible nature of the FPC enables the antenna to be configured in space-efficient patterns that provide the necessary electrical length without increasing the overall device footprint.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

Solution Approach 2:

The antenna structure utilizes the flexible printed circuit board to achieve resonance in a compact form. By using the FPC's flexibility and multi-layer structure, the antenna can achieve the required electrical length through three-dimensional routing and stacking, rather than requiring a simple linear extension, thus maintaining small device dimensions while achieving proper resonance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Quantity of substance

If a planar monopole antenna or planar inverted-F antenna is integrated with a supercapacitor, then energy storage is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy storage capacityVSAvoidintegration complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the antenna and supercapacitor into a single integrated structure where the supercapacitor is formed between the antenna conductor and the ground plane on the FPC. This integration eliminates the need for separate antenna and energy storage components, reducing device complexity while maintaining improved energy storage capacity. The same structural elements serve dual purposes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The FPC structure serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides the antenna conductor, the ground plane, and the dielectric medium for the supercapacitor. This multi-functionality reduces the number of discrete components needed, thereby simplifying the overall device structure while achieving both communication and energy storage functions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enhances wireless data rate and communication distance by providing stable electrical energy for radio frequency operations, allowing dual functionality as both energy storage and communication components, while maintaining a compact and flexible design.

Implementation Method 1

having a first electrical length to resonate in a first operational frequency band

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectResonance: Resonance

Implementation Method 2

an electric double layer capacitor having a first surface and a second surface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitance: Capacitance

Data Source

PatentEP2885799B1Apparatus and methods for electrical energy harvesting and/or wireless communication
Publication Date: 2020.06.10 NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY
  • EP2885799B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2885799B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2885799B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

Apparatus comprising: an electric double layer capacitor having a first surface and a second surface, the first surface being opposite the second surface; a first conductor positioned adjacent the first surface and configured to function as a current collector for the electric double layer capacitor, and having a first electrical length to resonate in a first operational frequency band; and a second conductor positioned adjacent the second surface and configured to function as a current collector for the electric double layer capacitor.