Self-contained EEG Patch with Shape Memory Alloy Fixation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing EEG recording systems are complex, bulky, and require multiple connections, often necessitating increased processing power for real-time data analysis, which is not necessary for monitoring seizures or sleep quality, and they lack a self-contained, waterproof design.
Innovation Solution
A self-contained EEG recording patch with a unitary package housing electrodes, circuitry for signal sensing, amplification, digitization, and storage, along with a power source and indicator, that can be worn on the scalp and transmit signals for seizure detection, using memory shape alloy electrodes for fixation and optional electromechanical activation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If existing EEG recording systems use multiple connections and separate components, then they can provide comprehensive monitoring capabilities, but they increase device complexity and bulkiness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple separate components (electrodes, amplifier, data acquisition box, connections) into a single integrated patch device. The electrodes are directly attached to the patch substrate, and all signal processing components are housed within the same unit, eliminating the need for multiple separate connections and components while maintaining comprehensive monitoring capabilities
Solution Approach 2:
The patch device performs multiple functions within a single unit: it serves as both the electrode array and the signal processing device. The same patch that contacts the scalp also contains the amplification and digitization circuitry, making the device universally functional for both signal acquisition and initial processing
2Device complexity
If existing EEG systems include real-time data analysis capabilities, then they can provide immediate feedback, but they require increased processing power and hardware complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the complex real-time analysis function from the wearable patch and places it in a separate external device. The patch only performs basic signal acquisition and preliminary processing, while detailed analysis is performed externally, reducing the processing power requirements of the wearable component
Solution Approach 2:
The patch performs preliminary signal processing actions (amplification, digitization, filtering) at the point of acquisition before data is transmitted for further analysis. This preliminary processing reduces data transmission requirements and prepares the data for more efficient subsequent analysis
3Ease of operation
If existing EEG devices use multiple separate components, then they can be optimized for specific functions, but they require multiple connections and reduce ease of operation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the electrode array, signal processing circuitry, power source, and data storage into a single integrated patch unit. This eliminates the need for multiple separate connections between components, making the device easier to apply and operate while maintaining all necessary functional capabilities
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The patch provides a simple, waterproof, and efficient means for recording EEG data for extended periods, allowing for later analysis and seizure detection, reducing the need for real-time processing and minimizing hardware complexity while enabling remote alerts through a base station or smartphone.
Implementation Method 1
The circuitry for electromechanical activation of the patch further comprises at least one Hall-effect sensor
Implementation Method 2
The first electrode and the second electrode further comprise memory shape alloy electrodes, and plungers to inject the memory shape alloy electrodes into a scalp and mechanically fix the patch thereto
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed systems, methods, and products include a self-contained electroencephalogram (EEG) recording patch including a first electrode, a second electrode and where the first and second electrodes cooperate to measure a skin-electrode signal, a substrate containing circuitry for generating an EEG signal there-from, amplifying the EEG signal, digitizing the EEG signal, and retrievably storing the EGG signal in a programmatic fashion. The patch also comprises a power source and an enclosure that houses the substrate, the power source, and the first and second electrodes in a unitary package.