Effective Circuit Bandwidth Reservation in Packet-Switched Networks
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Solution Overview
Problem
The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite's trial-and-error approach to determining path bandwidth for message transmission is inefficient for small messages or small numbers of messages, leading to unnecessary retransmissions and potential network congestion, especially in high-bandwidth networks where packet loss is detected at end-stations rather than in the network core.
Innovation Solution
Establishing an effective circuit between sender and receiver devices in a packet-switched network by limiting message transmission at the sender and reserving bandwidth at the receiver, using a full or high bisection bandwidth network to avoid intermediate device congestion, and dynamically managing requests to send (RTS) and clearance to send (CTS) messages to optimize bandwidth utilization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If TCP/IP uses trial-and-error approach to determine path bandwidth by increasing transmission rate until packet loss occurs, then bandwidth utilization is optimized for large message transmission, but transmission efficiency deteriorates for small messages or small number of messages due to unnecessary retransmissions and delays
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary actions by establishing effective circuits and reserving bandwidth before message transmission begins. The sender device determines available bandwidth and establishes transmission paths in advance, and the receiver device reserves bandwidth resources beforehand, avoiding the need for trial-and-error rate increases and subsequent retransmissions that waste time.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback mechanisms where the receiver device sends bandwidth availability information back to the sender device. This feedback allows the sender to adjust transmission rates appropriately from the start rather than increasing rates until packet loss occurs, eliminating unnecessary retransmission delays for small messages.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If TCP/IP increases delay between message transmissions when packet loss is detected to avoid congestion, then network congestion is reduced, but overall transmission performance deteriorates due to halting message transmission
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary bandwidth reservation and circuit establishment before transmission, preventing congestion before it occurs rather than reacting to it. By reserving bandwidth at the receiver and establishing effective circuits in advance, the system avoids packet loss and the need to halt transmission, maintaining high throughput while preventing congestion.
3Reliability
If traditional circuits are established between two devices across the network with bandwidth allocation at devices and intermediate devices, then bandwidth is guaranteed for communication, but cost and complexity increase due to setup and teardown overhead
Solution Approach 1:
The system extracts the essential function of circuit establishment by implementing effective circuits only at endpoint devices (sender and receiver), removing the need for complex bandwidth allocation and setup procedures at intermediate network devices. This maintains bandwidth guarantees while significantly reducing setup complexity and cost.
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates a universal mechanism for bandwidth guarantee that works across packet-switched networks without requiring specialized intermediate device support. The effective circuit establishment method can be universally applied regardless of the specific packet-switched network architecture, eliminating the need for complex device-specific setup procedures.
Data Source
AI summary
The creation of an effective circuit between a sender device and a receiver device over the packet-switched network is described herein. To establish the effective circuit, the sender device sends a request to the receiver device through the packet-switched network. The request is associated with a bandwidth reservation from the receiver device for reception of a message from the sender device. The receiver device receives multiple requests from multiple sender devices and reserves bandwidth for at least one of the sender devices. The receiver device then sends a response to the at least one sender device providing clearance to send the message to the receiver device using the reserved bandwidth, the request and response establishing the effective circuit. The receiver device may also decline the requests of the other sender devices, causing the other sender devices to send other requests to other receiver devices.