Ejector Collision-Plate Atomization for Liquid-Vapor Momentum Transfer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing ejectors face challenges in achieving high flow rate, high atomization performance, small spray angle, and flow contraction while using single-fluid atomization techniques, particularly when the driving flow is liquid and the suction flow is gas, due to issues like spray resistance, droplet coalescence, and drip occurrence.
Innovation Solution
The ejector design includes a first nozzle for a liquid-phase working fluid, a second nozzle for a vapor-phase working fluid, an atomization mechanism with a collision plate that atomizes the liquid without changing its phase, and a mixer that combines the atomized fluid with the vapor-phase fluid, featuring multiple orifices and a collision plate with specific surface arrangements to enhance momentum transfer and prevent droplet coalescence and drip.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If single-fluid atomization techniques are applied to achieve high flow rate and high atomization performance, then atomization quality improves, but spray resistance increases and droplet coalescence occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The liquid-phase working fluid is divided into multiple jets through multiple orifices arranged on the collision plate. Each jet is atomized separately upon collision, creating numerous small droplets instead of a single large spray. This segmentation reduces droplet coalescence and minimizes spray resistance while maintaining high atomization performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The collision plate provides a localized collision surface that concentrates the atomization action at specific points where jets impact. By arranging orifices and collision surfaces strategically, the patent creates optimal local conditions for atomization without affecting the entire flow field, thereby reducing overall spray resistance while maintaining high atomization quality at critical locations.
2Use of energy by moving object
If the liquid-phase working fluid is atomized to increase contact area, then momentum transfer improves, but droplet coalescence and drip occurrence increase
Solution Approach 1:
The liquid-phase working fluid is pre-configured into multiple jets before collision with the collision plate. This preliminary arrangement ensures that the liquid is already positioned and directed optimally for atomization, maximizing momentum transfer efficiency upon impact while controlling droplet formation to prevent coalescence and maintain phase stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions the liquid flow from a one-dimensional stream through orifices to a three-dimensional spray pattern upon collision with the plate. This dimensional change increases the contact area and momentum transfer efficiency by distributing the liquid in multiple directions, while the controlled collision geometry prevents droplet coalescence by maintaining sufficient separation between atomized droplets.
3Manufacturing precision
If a collision plate with multiple orifices is used for atomization, then atomization performance increases, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The collision plate serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as a support structure for multiple orifices, provides collision surfaces for jet atomization, and defines the geometric arrangement of the atomization mechanism. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate components, thereby maintaining high atomization performance while minimizing device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines the orifice plate and collision plate into a single integrated collision plate structure. The collision plate incorporates multiple orifices directly into its design, merging the functions of flow distribution and collision atomization into one component. This integration simplifies the overall device structure while maintaining high atomization performance through the multi-orifice configuration.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration efficiently transports momentum from the liquid driving flow to the vapor suction flow, enhancing the ejector's performance by increasing the contact area and preventing losses due to droplet coalescence and spray resistance, resulting in a high-performance fluid mixture.
Implementation Method 1
an atomization mechanism that is arranged at an end of the first nozzle and atomizes the liquid-phase working fluid without changing a liquid-phase state of the liquid-phase working fluid; the atomization mechanism including a plurality of orifices and a collision plate against which each of a plurality of jets ejected from the plurality of orifices collides
Implementation Method 2
This configuration efficiently transports momentum from the liquid driving flow to the vapor suction flow, enhancing the ejector's performance by increasing the contact area
Implementation Method 3
a first nozzle to which a liquid-phase working fluid is supplied; a plurality of first orifices arranged on a side of the first principal surface of the collision plate
Implementation Method 4
a second nozzle into which a vapor-phase working fluid is sucked
Data Source
AI summary
An ejector includes an atomization mechanism arranged at an end of a first nozzle. The atomization mechanism includes a plurality of orifices and a collision plate against which each of a plurality of jets ejected from the plurality of orifices collides. The collision plate includes a first principal surface and a second principal surface as a collision surface against which the jet collides, each of the first principal surface and the second principal surface extending toward an outlet of the ejector. The plurality of orifices includes a plurality of first orifices arranged on a side of the first principal surface of the collision plate and a plurality of second orifices arranged on a side of the second principal surface of the collision plate.