Ejector having an actuation mechanism with a pilot valve and an equalization passage between two cylinder chambers

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Solution Overview

Problem

Fast opening or closing of ejectors in refrigeration circuits leads to pressure peaks, causing instability and potential damage, and existing solutions like stepper motors are expensive and not universally suitable.

Innovation Solution

An ejector design with a needle and actuating mechanism, including a cylinder, piston, and pilot valve, that allows for smooth opening and closing without the need for expensive stepper motors, using a solenoid valve and a resilient member to control the needle's movement, ensuring slow and controlled transitions to prevent pressure fluctuations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of time

If the ejector opens or closes quickly, then the response time is improved, but pressure peaks occur causing instability and potential damage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresponse timeVSAvoidpressure peaks
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

A needle valve is introduced as an intermediary component between the actuator and the main fluid passage. The needle valve gradually opens or closes the fluid passage, mediating the transition to prevent sudden pressure changes while maintaining responsive control. The needle's tapered geometry allows progressive area change for smooth pressure transition.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The needle valve position is dynamically adjusted during the opening/closing process rather than being in fixed positions. The actuator controls the needle's continuous movement to modulate the fluid passage area progressively, enabling dynamic pressure control that prevents peaks while maintaining system responsiveness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Ease of operation

If a stepper motor is used to control opening and closing, then smooth operation is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesmooth operationVSAvoidactuator complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

A pneumatic or hydraulic actuator replaces the stepper motor to control the needle valve. The actuator uses fluid pressure to move the needle smoothly and controllably. This approach achieves smooth operation through fluid dynamics rather than complex mechanical stepping mechanisms, reducing overall system complexity and cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

Solution Approach 2:

The mechanical stepper motor system is replaced with a fluid-based actuation system. The actuator uses pneumatic or hydraulic pressure to control the needle valve, substituting complex mechanical precision control with simpler fluid pressure control that achieves the same smooth operation goal with less complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution ensures smooth and reliable opening and closing of the ejector, preventing pressure peaks and reducing the risk of damage, while being cost-effective and not requiring expensive stepper motors, thus stabilizing the refrigeration system.

Implementation Method 1

an equalization passage for allowing fluid to flow from the first cylinder chamber to the second cylinder chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure equalization: Pascal's Law

Implementation Method 2

a drain passage with a pilot valve, wherein the second cylinder chamber is in fluid communication with the secondary inlet and/or the outlet via the drain passage when the pilot valve is in an open state

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure control: Valve

Implementation Method 3

a cylinder with a piston connected to the needle, wherein a first cylinder chamber is maximized when the needle is in its opened position and a second cylinder chamber is maximized when the needle is in its closed position

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure differential: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentEP4325142A1Ejector having an actuation mechanism with a pilot valve and an equalization passage between two cylinder chambers
Publication Date: 2024.02.21 DANFOSS AS
  • EP4325142A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4325142A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4325142A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention relates to an ejector (1), e.g. for a refrigerant circuit, with a primary inlet (2), a secondary inlet (7), an outlet (12), a nozzle (5), and a mixing portion (6, 10). The ejector (1) comprises an actuating mechanism (30) moving a needle (20) between an opened position and a closed position. For ensuring smooth opening and closing, the actuation mechanism (30) comprises a piston (31) in a cylinder (35), wherein a first cylinder chamber (37) is in fluid communication with the primary inlet (2) and a second cylinder chamber (38) is in fluid communication with the first cylinder chamber (37) via an equalization passage (32). The second cylinder chamber (38) is in fluid communication with the secondary inlet (7) and/or the outlet (12) via a drain passage (39, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57) when a pilot valve (50) arranged in the drain passage (39, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57) is in an open state.