Ejector Nozzle Flame Arrester Insert for Detonation Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Ejector nozzles used in reactors face the challenge of preventing the propagation of rapidly forming flame fronts, particularly detonation fronts, which can cause significant damage due to their high destructive potential, especially when handling explosive or inflammable reactants.
Innovation Solution
An ejector nozzle design featuring a gas-carrying duct that opens into the liquid-carrying duct upstream of the outlet, equipped with a flame arrester insert within the gas-carrying duct, configured to prevent gas flow around it, ensuring that any flame front is effectively stopped from propagating, utilizing sintered metal layers or other temperature-stable materials to maintain mixing efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a flame arrester insert is positioned in the gas-carrying duct to prevent flame front propagation, then safety is improved, but the speed of the medium emerging from the nozzle may be reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The flame arrester insert is made of porous material with specific pore size distribution that allows gas molecules to pass through while blocking flame front propagation. The porous structure provides sufficient flow passage to maintain mixing speed while preventing flame propagation through capillary pressure effects in the pores.
Solution Approach 2:
The flame arrester insert is positioned specifically in the gas-carrying duct where flame propagation risk exists, rather than blocking the entire nozzle outlet. This localized placement prevents flame fronts while allowing the liquid-carrying duct to maintain its full flow capacity for rapid mixing.
2Reliability
If structural measures are added to the ejector nozzle to prevent flame front propagation, then safety is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The flame arrester insert is nested within the existing gas-carrying duct of the ejector nozzle, utilizing the available internal space without requiring external additions or modifications to the overall nozzle structure. This nested placement adds safety functionality while maintaining the compact design.
Solution Approach 2:
The flame arrester insert acts as an intermediary element between the gas supply and the mixing zone, providing flame protection without interfering with the primary mixing function. It mediates between safety requirements and operational performance by allowing gas flow while blocking flame propagation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively prevents the propagation of flame fronts without significantly reducing the speed of the medium emerging from the nozzle, thus maintaining rapid mixing capabilities while ensuring safety by preventing damage from detonation fronts.
Implementation Method 1
a high-speed liquid flow is generally generated in the liquid-carrying duct. As a result, a vacuum forms at the opening of the gas-carrying duct into the liquid-carrying duct, and the gas is sucked in
Implementation Method 2
Owing to the high speed, the flow is turbulent, and there is rapid mixing of the gas and liquid
Implementation Method 3
The swirler impresses a swirling motion on the liquid before it emerges from the duct. The swirling motion leads to spreading of the jet at the nozzle outlet
Implementation Method 4
utilizing sintered metal layers or other temperature-stable materials to maintain mixing efficiency
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to an ejector nozzle having a liquid-carrying duct and a gas-carrying duct. The gas-carrying duct opens into the liquid-carrying duct upstream of an outlet opening. The insert acting as a flame arrester is positioned in the gas-carrying duct. The insert is configured in such a way that no gas can flow around the insert. The invention furthermore relates to use of the ejector nozzle in a jet loop reactor.