Refrigeration system

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Solution Overview

Problem

Refrigeration systems with ejectors and multiple evaporator temperatures face challenges in maintaining energy efficiency across a wide range of ambient temperatures, as existing systems are not optimized to adapt efficiently to varying conditions.

Innovation Solution

A refrigeration system with an ejector circuit and two refrigeration paths, allowing operation in multiple modes (standard, economizer, first ejector, and second ejector modes) by selectively connecting components like compressors, expansion devices, and valves based on ambient temperature, enabling efficient energy use from below 10°C to above 35°C.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If a refrigeration system uses a single operational mode with an ejector, then energy efficiency is improved under specific ambient temperatures, but performance deteriorates when ambient temperatures vary widely

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy efficiencyVSAvoidadaptability to ambient temperature variations
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The system implements dynamic operational mode switching between four distinct modes (standard cooling mode, ejector mode, heating mode, and defrosting mode) based on real-time ambient temperature conditions and system state. This dynamic adaptation allows the refrigeration system to maintain optimal energy efficiency across a wide range of ambient temperatures from below -10°C to above 35°C, resolving the contradiction between energy efficiency and adaptability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes operational parameters by switching between different refrigerant flow paths and component configurations. The control unit adjusts which components are active (compressor, ejector, expansion valves, heat exchangers) based on ambient temperature thresholds, thereby changing the system's thermodynamic parameters to match environmental conditions and maintain energy efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If the system switches between multiple operational modes, then adaptability to different ambient temperatures is improved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveadaptability to ambient temperature variationsVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The refrigeration system achieves multi-functionality by integrating four operational modes (standard cooling, ejector-enhanced cooling, heating, and defrosting) within a single system architecture. The same physical components (compressor, ejector, expansion valves, heat exchangers) serve multiple functions depending on their configuration and activation state, reducing the need for separate dedicated systems for each function while maintaining adaptability across temperature ranges

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The control unit acts as an intermediary that manages the complexity of mode switching and component coordination. It processes temperature inputs and automatically selects appropriate operational modes, shielding the user from complexity while enabling adaptive behavior. The intermediary coordinates the activation and deactivation of components smoothly, managing the transitional states between modes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Use of energy by moving object

If the ejector is continuously operated, then energy efficiency is improved, but reliability decreases due to increased wear and operational stress

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy efficiencyVSAvoidcomponent reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The ejector operates periodically rather than continuously, being activated only during ejector mode when ambient temperatures fall within a specific range and cooling demand requires enhanced performance. This periodic operation reduces cumulative wear and thermal stress on the ejector components while maintaining energy efficiency during the periods when the ejector is actively engaged, thereby improving overall system reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The system applies partial action by using the ejector only when necessary for optimal performance rather than continuously. The ejector is engaged during specific operational conditions (ejector mode) where its energy recovery function provides the greatest benefit, and remains inactive during standard cooling mode or when ambient conditions make it unnecessary, thus reducing wear while maintaining efficiency where needed

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system achieves high efficiency across a broad range of ambient temperatures by dynamically adjusting its operational modes, ensuring optimal performance regardless of temperature conditions.

Implementation Method 1

an ejector having a primary inlet fluidly connected to the outlet(s) of the heat rejecting heat exchanger/gas cooler; a secondary inlet; and an outlet

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVenturi effect: Venturi Effect

Implementation Method 2

a normal cooling temperature expansion device fluidly connected to a liquid outlet of the receiver; a freezing temperature expansion device fluidly connected to the liquid outlet of the receiver

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule-Thomson effect: Joule-Thomson Effect

Implementation Method 3

a normal cooling temperature evaporator; a freezing temperature evaporator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 4

a heat rejecting heat exchanger/gas cooler

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Data Source

PatentEP3167234B1Refrigeration system
Publication Date: 2020.04.01 CARRIER CORP
  • EP3167234B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3167234B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3167234B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A refrigeration system (1) has A) an ejector circuit (3) comprising: Aa) a high pressure compressor unit (2) comprising at least one compressor (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d); Ab) a heat rejecting heat exchanger/gas cooler (4); Ac) an ejector (6); Ad) a receiver (8) having a gas outlet (8b) which is connected to an inlet of the high pressure compressor unit (2). B) a normal cooling temperature flowpath (5) comprising in the direction of flow of the refrigerant: Ba) a normal cooling temperature expansion device (10) fluidly connected to a liquid outlet (8c) of the receiver (8); Bb) a normal cooling temperature evaporator (12); Bc) an ejector secondary inlet line (68) with an ejector inlet valve (26) fluidly connecting an outlet (12b) of the normal cooling temperature evaporator (12) to a suction inlet (6b) of the ejector (6); and Bd) a normal cooling temperature flowpath valve unit (22) configured for fluidly connecting the inlet of the high pressure compressor unit (2) selectively either to the gas outlet (8b) of the receiver (8) or to the outlet (12b) of the normal cooling temperature evaporator (12); C) a freezing temperature flowpath (7) comprising in the direction of flow of the refrigerant: Ca) a freezing temperature expansion device (14) fluidly connected to the liquid outlet (8c) of the receiver (8); Cb) a freezing temperature evaporator (16); Cc) a freezing temperature compressor unit (18) comprising at least one freezing temperature compressor (18a, 18b); and Cd) a freezing temperature flowpath valve unit (20) configured for fluidly connecting the outlet of the freezing temperature compressor unit (18) selectively either to the inlet of the high pressure compressor unit (2) or to the ejector inlet valve (26).