Elastic Microfiltration Membrane for Fouling Control

The patent applies the dynamics principle by transforming the membrane from a static, rigid structure to a dynamic, elastic structure. The elastic membrane can deform under pressure during backwashing to expel trapped foulants from pores, then return to its original configuration during filtration. This dynamic behavior enables the membrane to actively remove fouling rather than passively accumulating it, thereby improving fouling removal efficiency and extending membrane longevity.

The patent implements parameter changes by modifying the mechanical properties of the membrane, specifically its elasticity and Young's modulus. By selecting materials with appropriate elastic properties (Young's modulus between 0.1 to 100 MPa), the membrane can undergo reversible deformation during operation. This parameter change allows the membrane to adapt its pore structure during backwashing to remove fouling, resolving the contradiction between maintaining structural stability and improving fouling removal.

The elastic membrane performs self-cleaning through its inherent elastic properties during the backwashing process. When backwash pressure is applied, the membrane deforms elastically to expand pores and expel trapped foulants, then automatically returns to its original state without requiring external chemical intervention. This self-service mechanism eliminates the need for harsh chemical cleaners, thereby preventing membrane deterioration and avoiding environmental harm from chemical disposal.

The patent converts the potentially harmful backwash pressure that could damage rigid membranes into a beneficial force that activates the elastic membrane's cleaning mechanism. The same pressure that might be considered harmful is instead utilized to induce elastic deformation, enabling the membrane to self-clean and extend its service life without chemical treatments.