Elastomer Adhesive Composition Using Polynitroso Precursors
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing elastomer-bonding compositions containing crosslinkers like polynitroso compounds face issues such as volatility, fuming, mold fouling, high cost, and toxicity, necessitating the development of adhesive compositions with improved adhesive performance using lower levels of crosslinkers.
Innovation Solution
An adhesive composition comprising a film-forming polymer, a crosslinker selected from polynitroso compounds or their precursors, and an oxidizer, with a molar ratio of oxidizer to crosslinker between 0.3 and 2.0, which can be dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent or water, suitable for bonding elastomers to various materials.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If polynitroso compounds are used as crosslinkers in elastomer-bonding compositions, then adhesive performance is improved, but volatility increases causing fuming and mold fouling
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces persistent, volatile polynitroso compounds with a system using polynitroso precursors that convert in-situ. The precursor formulation allows the active crosslinking agent to be generated only when needed during curing, eliminating the problems of storage volatility and fuming while maintaining adhesive performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary substance (polynitroso precursor) that transforms into the active crosslinking agent during the curing process. This intermediary approach allows the system to avoid handling and storing volatile polynitroso compounds directly, as they are generated in-situ from non-volatile precursors.
2Reliability
If polynitroso compounds are used as crosslinkers, then adhesive performance is improved, but cost and toxicity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs cost-effective polynitroso precursor compounds that can be formulated into stable adhesive compositions. These precursors are converted to active crosslinking agents during curing, providing the same adhesive performance as expensive polynitroso compounds but at lower material cost and with reduced toxicity concerns.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the potential harm of using toxic polynitroso compounds into a benefit by using their precursors. The precursors are less toxic and more stable, but convert to the active crosslinking agent under curing conditions, thus converting a harmful substance into a useful function without the associated toxicity and cost problems.
3Reliability
If higher levels of crosslinker are used, then adhesive performance is improved, but volatility and harmful effects increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates polynitroso precursors into the adhesive formulation in advance, before application. These precursors are designed to convert to active crosslinking agents during the curing process, ensuring that high levels of crosslinking are achieved without the need to handle or store large amounts of volatile polynitroso compounds.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent ensures continuous crosslinking action throughout the curing process by using precursors that progressively convert to active crosslinking agents. This continuous generation of crosslinking agents maintains effective adhesive performance while avoiding the volatility issues associated with using high concentrations of pre-formed polynitroso compounds.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition provides effective adhesive performance with reduced volatility and toxicity, while minimizing the use of expensive crosslinkers, and is suitable for bonding elastomers to a wide range of materials including metals.
Implementation Method 1
at least one oxidizer, wherein the molar ratio of oxidizer to crosslinker is from 0.3 to 2.0
Implementation Method 2
compositions that are capable of bonding to elastomer substrates... contain crosslinkers that are polynitroso compounds, polynitroso precursors, or mixtures thereof
Data Source
AI summary
There is provided an adhesive composition comprising(i) at least one film forming polymer,(ii) at least one crosslinker selected from the group consisting of polynitroso compounds, polynitroso precursors, and mixtures thereof, and(iii) at least one oxidizer, wherein the molar ratio of oxidizer to crosslinker is from 0.3 to 2.0.Also provided is a method of bonding substrates together using such a composition, and an article made using such a method.