Elastomer Layer Fan Blade Vibration Damping

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Solution Overview

Problem

Aircraft engine fan blades face significant weight and cost increases due to the need to compensate for fan blade loss, with existing hybrid solutions like honeycomb fillings and elastomer-filled grooves being unsuitable for damping vibrations and prone to cracking during bird strikes.

Innovation Solution

A fan blade design featuring a large-area elastomer layer on the suction side, which increases in thickness radially, providing continuous stiffness transition and reducing weight, impact, and imbalance loads, while avoiding cracking risks through its cohesive, cavity-free structure and lower modulus of elasticity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If all-metal fan blades are used, then strength and reliability are improved, but weight increases and impact forces in case of blade loss become high

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveblade strengthVSAvoidfan blade weight
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The fan blade combines metal base body with elastomer material to create a hybrid construction. The metal provides structural strength while the elastomer reduces weight and dampens vibrations, resolving the contradiction between strength and weight requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The elastomer material is applied selectively in specific regions of the fan blade where weight reduction and vibration damping are most beneficial, while maintaining metal construction in areas requiring high strength, achieving local optimization of the strength-weight balance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Weight of moving object

If hybrid fan blades with honeycomb filling are used, then weight is reduced, but vibration damping capability is insufficient and cracking risk increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefan blade weightVSAvoidvibration damping and crack resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Weight of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The elastomer material properties are specifically selected to provide optimal vibration damping characteristics and resistance to bird strike impacts, changing the material parameters from rigid honeycomb structures to flexible elastomeric compounds that can absorb energy without cracking.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The elastomer's flexibility and lower stiffness, which might seem to reduce structural rigidity, actually convert impact energies from bird strikes and vibrations into beneficial damping effects, preventing crack propagation and improving overall reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Reliability

If grooves filled with elastomer are introduced, then vibration damping is improved, but cracking risk in event of overstretching increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevibration dampingVSAvoidcrack susceptibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of introducing grooves into the metal blade body and filling them with elastomer (which creates stress concentration points), the invention applies elastomer as a surface layer or coating on the blade exterior, inverting the traditional approach to eliminate crack initiation sites while maintaining vibration damping benefits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

4Reliability

If fan blade loss compensation structures are added, then engine safety is improved, but engine weight and cost increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveengine safetyVSAvoidengine weight
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSWeight of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The elastomer layer on the fan blade itself provides vibration damping and impact resistance, making the blade self-protecting and reducing the need for additional heavy compensation structures in the engine assembly, as the blade inherently contributes to its own safety.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design reduces impact and imbalance loads by up to 30% during fan blade loss, effectively dampens vibrations, and is resistant to wear, making it suitable for aircraft engines.

Implementation Method 1

The at least partial formation of the suction side of the blade by an elastomer layer has the advantage that the weight of the fan blade is reduced by the elastomer layer due to its comparatively low density

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVibration damping: Damping

Implementation Method 2

the elastomer layer, which increases outwards at least in sections, is accompanied by a thickness of a metal base body of the fan blade, to which the elastomer layer is applied

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectViscoelasticity: Viscoelasticity

Implementation Method 3

the elastomer layer, which increases outwards at least in sections, is accompanied by a thickness of a metal base body of the fan blade, to which the elastomer layer is applied decreasing at least in sections or constantly outwards

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElastic deformation: Elasticity

Data Source

PatentEP3067519B1Fan blade for a flight drive
Publication Date: 2019.04.10 ROLLS ROYCE DEUT LTD & CO KG
  • EP3067519B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3067519B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3067519B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a fan blade (12) for an aircraft propulsion system, comprising a leading edge (121), a trailing edge (122), a suction side (124), a pressure side (125), and a blade tip (123). The fan blade (12) is provided to have a large-area elastomer layer (14) that forms at least 20% of the surface area of ​​the suction side (124) of the fan blade (12) and whose thickness increases at least section by section in the radial direction towards the outside.