Supercapacitor Electrode Leakage Current Reduction via Electret Composite
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Solution Overview
Problem
Supercapacitors experience high leakage current and self-discharging due to the release of ions from electrodes when the voltage supply is interrupted, leading to reduced charge-storage capacity and performance.
Innovation Solution
A composite electrode material is developed, comprising a porous electrode material (50-95 wt%), an electret material (0-15 wt%) for charge retention, a binder material (0-15 wt%), and an electric conduction auxiliary agent (0-30 wt%), applied onto a current collector to enhance charge retention and reduce leakage current.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If conventional porous electrode material is used, then high charge-storage capacity is achieved, but high leakage current occurs when voltage supply is interrupted
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies composite materials by combining porous electrode material with electret material to create a new composite electrode structure. The electret material particles are distributed within the porous electrode material, forming a composite that maintains the high surface area of the porous material for charge storage while adding charge retention capability through the electret component, thereby reducing leakage current.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by distributing electret material particles at specific locations within the porous electrode material structure. The electret material is dispersed among the porous particles, creating localized charge retention zones that specifically address the leakage current issue at the electrode level without affecting the overall porous structure's charge storage capacity.
2Quantity of substance
If porous electrode material with large surface area is used, then high charge-storage capacity is achieved, but ions are easily released causing self-discharging
Solution Approach 1:
The composite structure combines the high surface area porous electrode material with electret material particles distributed throughout. This composite maintains the porous structure's ability to adsorb large quantities of ions while the electret component provides localized electric fields that stabilize ion retention, preventing easy release and self-discharging.
Solution Approach 2:
The electret material acts as an intermediary between the porous electrode material and the ions. It provides localized electric fields that mediate the interaction between stored charges and the external environment, helping to retain ions on the electrode surfaces even when voltage supply is interrupted, thus improving stability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composite electrode material effectively reduces leakage current and improves charge retention, enhancing the overall performance and charge-storage capability of supercapacitors by maintaining ions on the electrodes even when the voltage supply is interrupted.
Implementation Method 1
an electret material distributed among the porous particles of the porous electrode material for retaining charges on the electrode unit
Implementation Method 2
the charge storage of a supercapacitor is implemented by physical adsorption
Implementation Method 3
an electric conduction auxiliary agent for enhancing electric conduction of the electrode unit
Data Source
AI summary
A composite material of an electrode unit includes: a porous electrode material being 50˜95 wt % of the composite material; an electret material being greater than 0 wt % and less than 15 wt % of the composite material; a dispersant material being 0˜15 wt % of the composite material; an adhesive material being 0˜15 wt % of the composite material; an electric conduction auxiliary agent being greater than 0 wt % and less than 30 wt % of the composite material. The porous electrode material includes porous particles and the electret material is distributed among the porous particles.