Electric Field Direction Conversion Structure for Planar Antenna
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Solution Overview
Problem
Planar antennas using microstriplines suffer significant loss in high-frequency regions, leading to reduced gain, and those using waveguides result in increased thickness due to restricted waveguide arrangement, while existing polarized wave shared antennas do not effectively suppress thickness.
Innovation Solution
An electric field direction conversion structure employing cascaded waveguides with shift portions to rotate the electric field direction of radio waves by 90°, allowing for orthogonal polarization transmission and reception, and a planar antenna design with laminated waveguide parts to manage vertical and horizontal polarization waves efficiently.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If microstriplines are used to connect antenna elements in a planar antenna, then the structure remains thin and simple, but substantial loss occurs in high-frequency regions causing reduced antenna gain
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the transmission medium from microstriplines to waveguides, fundamentally altering the physical and electrical parameters of the transmission path. This parameter change enables low-loss high-frequency signal transmission while maintaining the planar antenna structure through innovative waveguide arrangement and electric field direction conversion
2Loss of energy
If waveguides are used to guide radio waves in a planar antenna to reduce loss, then signal loss is reduced, but the arrangement is restricted causing increased thickness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes the third dimension (vertical direction) by implementing electric field direction conversion, allowing waveguides to be arranged in different spatial orientations. This dimensional approach enables efficient waveguide routing that reduces signal loss while preventing thickness increase through proper spatial utilization
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an electric field direction conversion structure as an intermediary component between waveguides. This mediator converts the electric field direction of radio waves, enabling flexible waveguide arrangement that achieves low-loss transmission without restricting the overall antenna thickness
3Adaptability or versatility
If existing polarized wave shared square opening antenna structures are used, then orthogonal polarization waves can be separated, but the thickness of the planar antenna is not suppressed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the antenna structure into distinct functional modules: waveguide sections for signal transmission and electric field direction conversion sections for polarization management. This segmentation allows each module to perform its function efficiently while maintaining overall structural compactness and controlling antenna thickness
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides a low-loss and thin polarized wave shared planar antenna capable of high-frequency communication without increasing thickness, enhancing antenna gain and communication capacity.
Implementation Method 1
a first waveguide that guides a first radio wave whose electric field is vibrated in a first direction along a second direction that is vertical to the first direction
Implementation Method 2
the vibration direction of an electric field of a radio wave passing through the sixth end part of the first waveguide shift portion is rotated by 90° about a third direction that is vertical to the first and second directions
Data Source
AI summary
A first waveguide guides a first radio wave whose electric field is vibrated in a first direction along a second direction. A second waveguide guides the first radio wave along the second direction and is cascade connected to the first waveguide. An input and output end multiplexes the first radio waves from the first and second waveguides and outputs the multiplexed radio wave, and outputs the first radio wave branched off from a radio wave from outside to the first and second waveguides. A first waveguide shift portion is shifted from the first waveguide in the first direction. A second waveguide shift portion is shifted from the second waveguide in the first direction. The vibration directions of electric fields of radio waves passing through the end parts of the first and second waveguide shift portions are rotated by 90° about a third direction.