Integrated Electric-Gas Frequency Reserve With GT and P2G Dynamics
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Solution Overview
Problem
The increasing reliance on converter-interfaced power sources like wind and photovoltaic generation poses challenges for maintaining power system frequency stability, as traditional thermal and hydro power generators' frequency regulation capabilities decline, necessitating the development of flexible and reliable frequency regulation resources.
Innovation Solution
The formulation of an energy management model for distribution-level integrated electric-gas systems (D-IEGS) that provides fast frequency reserve (FFR) services, incorporating the dynamics of gas-fired turbines and power-to-gas units, using a column-and-constraint generation algorithm to optimize frequency regulation while reducing computational burden through variable-step difference and binary variable reduction schemes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If converter-interfaced power sources (wind, photovoltaic) are increased to decrease fossil energy consumption and carbon emission, then environmental benefits are improved, but frequency regulation capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the frequency regulation function by introducing a dedicated frequency support unit that operates independently from both the renewable energy generators and traditional thermal generators. This specialized unit is specifically designed to provide frequency regulation services, allowing renewable energy sources to focus on power generation while the frequency support unit handles frequency stability, thus resolving the contradiction between increasing renewable penetration and maintaining frequency regulation capability
Solution Approach 2:
The frequency support unit acts as an intermediary component between the renewable energy interface and the power grid. It receives power from renewable sources and provides frequency support to the grid, mediating the interaction and enabling renewable energy integration while maintaining frequency stability through its specialized control mechanisms
2Loss of energy
If traditional thermal and hydro power generators are reduced to decrease fossil energy consumption, then environmental benefits are improved, but frequency regulation capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The frequency support unit copies and replicates the frequency regulation function that was traditionally provided by thermal and hydro generators. By creating a dedicated unit with similar frequency support capabilities but enhanced responsiveness and control, the invention enables the system to maintain frequency regulation services while reducing dependence on traditional fossil-fuel-based generators
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the operational parameters of the frequency support unit to optimize frequency regulation performance. The unit operates with specific control parameters including dead zone settings, limiting ranges, and time constants that are tailored for frequency support, allowing it to provide effective frequency regulation even as traditional generators are phased down
3Measurement precision
If detailed dynamics modeling of governors (dead zone, limiting ranges, time constant) is included to improve frequency regulation accuracy, then frequency control precision is improved, but computational complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts the complex governor dynamics characteristics (dead zone, limiting ranges, time constants) from the overall system model and incorporates them as specific parameters within the frequency support unit's control model. This extraction allows the detailed dynamics to be represented in a simplified manner that maintains accuracy while reducing overall computational complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transforms the complex governor dynamics into a set of manageable parameters including dead zone width, limiting range bounds, and time constant values. By representing the complex behavioral characteristics as specific numerical parameters rather than full dynamic models, the system achieves accurate frequency control with reduced computational burden
Data Source
AI summary
In this disclosure, the energy management problem of the D-IEGS with FFR is analyzed, so as to enhance the frequency stability of the main grid. The post-disturbance frequency response behaviors of both the main grid and the D-IEGS are precisely depicted, where the dead zones, limiting ranges and time constant of the governors are considered. The frequency regulation units of the D-IEGS include GTs and P2G units, whose impacts of providing frequency regulation service on the gas networks are quantified. Considering the time-scale similarity of the frequency dynamics and the dynamics of the GDN, the gas flow dynamics model is adopted. The frequency response dynamics of the GTs and P2G units, and the gas flow dynamics of the GDN, a variable-step difference scheme and a binary variable reduction method are devised.