Electric Load Control Circuit for Power Transient Management
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
In hybrid and electric vehicles, sudden changes in power load can lead to overcurrent and overvoltage issues, causing damage to components like DC power sources and motors, as existing DC/DC converters struggle to manage abrupt power transfers and regenerative braking scenarios effectively.
Innovation Solution
An electric load apparatus with a voltage converter, an electric load, and a control circuit that monitors and controls power changes within safe limits, using switching elements and flywheel diodes to manage power consumption and generation, ensuring the driving operation is maintained even during abrupt power changes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If the power in the electric load is increased to improve performance, then the driving capability is enhanced, but overcurrent and overvoltage issues occur causing component damage
Solution Approach 1:
The control circuit performs preliminary detection of power changes in the electric load before they can cause harmful effects. By detecting the power change amount and comparing it against predetermined thresholds, the system takes preventive action by limiting power supply when abnormal changes are detected, thereby preventing overcurrent and overvoltage damage to components.
Solution Approach 2:
The control circuit continuously monitors the power consumption of the electric load and provides feedback control. When the detected power change exceeds the predetermined threshold, the control circuit automatically limits the power supply to the electric load, creating a closed-loop feedback mechanism that maintains system safety while allowing normal power variations.
2Speed
If the DC/DC converter responds quickly to power changes to maintain voltage stability, then the voltage regulation is improved, but the abrupt power transfer causes overcurrent and component stress
Solution Approach 1:
The control circuit acts as an intermediary between the DC/DC converter and the electric load. It monitors power changes and intermediates the power flow by limiting supply when necessary, thereby preventing the transmission of harmful abrupt power changes and overcurrent conditions to the components while maintaining overall system stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The control circuit provides beforehand cushioning by detecting power changes before they can cause harmful effects. When abnormal power changes are detected, the control circuit limits the power supply in advance, cushioning against potential overcurrent and component damage before these harmful effects can manifest.
3Reliability
If the power supply is limited to prevent damage, then component safety is improved, but the driving operation may be interrupted
Solution Approach 1:
The control circuit applies partial limitation action by only restricting power supply when the power change amount exceeds the predetermined threshold. During normal operation within safe limits, the electric load receives full power without interruption. This selective partial action protects components from damage while maintaining continuous driving operation under normal conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The control circuit dynamically changes the power supply parameter based on detected power change amounts. When the power change exceeds the threshold, the control parameter is adjusted to limit power supply; when within normal range, full power is supplied. This dynamic parameter adjustment ensures both component safety and operational continuity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution stabilizes power operations, preventing component damage by limiting power changes within safe ranges, thus ensuring continuous and efficient energy management in hybrid and electric vehicles.
Implementation Method 1
a voltage converter performing voltage conversion between a first DC voltage output from a DC power source and a second DC voltage having a voltage level different from a voltage level of the first DC voltage
Implementation Method 2
using switching elements and flywheel diodes to manage power consumption and generation
Data Source
AI summary
An electric load apparatus (100) includes a DC power source (B), a voltage sensor (10, 20), system relays (SR1, SR2), a capacitor (11, 13), a DC/DC converter (12), an inverter (14), a current sensor (24), a rotation sensor (25), a control apparatus (30), and an AC motor (M1). The control apparatus (30) restricts an increase amount of consumed power in the AC motor (M1) in a range in which the driving operation of the electric load apparatus (100) can be maintained, when the increase amount of the consumed power in the AC motor (M1) exceeds an allowable power that can be supplied from the capacitor (13) to the inverter (14).