Electric Motorcycle Wheel Anti-Lock System Regenerative Braking Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional wheel anti-lock systems (ABS) are ineffective in preventing wheel locking during electric motorcycle deceleration caused by the braking action of the electric motor during battery regeneration, potentially impairing subsequent brake operations.
Innovation Solution
An electric motorcycle wheel anti-lock system that dynamically adjusts the torque delivered by the electric motor, using a control unit connected to the inverter, to detect slippage and friction conditions, limiting regeneration torque to prevent wheel locking through a combination of hardware and software components.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If regenerative braking is used to recharge battery, then energy recovery is achieved, but wheel locking occurs during deceleration
Solution Approach 1:
The control unit implements a feedback mechanism that continuously monitors wheel speed, motor torque, and deceleration rate. When wheel locking is detected or predicted during regenerative braking, the system provides feedback to modulate the electric motor's braking torque or activate the mechanical brakes through the ABS system, while maintaining energy recovery operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes operational parameters dynamically - adjusting the regenerative braking torque level, modifying brake pressure application, or altering motor control settings - to prevent wheel locking while maintaining effective energy recovery. This involves changing torque thresholds, pressure levels, or activation timing based on real-time conditions.
Data Source
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AI summary
The electric motorcycle (M) comprises a support frame, a rear wheel (RW), a front wheel (FW), an electric propulsion motor (E), an electronic control unit (2) for driving the electric motor (E) and a wheel anti-lock system (1) operatively connected to the control unit (2), the system (1) having detection means (18) of a slippage condition (SLP) of at least one of the wheels (RW, FW) and limiting means (19) operatively connected to the detecting means (18), able to receive at input at least a maximum regeneration torque value (RTMAX) of the electric motor (E) of the electric motorcycle (M) and able to limit the maximum regeneration torque (RTMAX) in case of detection of the slippage condition (SLP), wherein the system (1) comprises verification means (20) of the friction conditions of the wheels (RW, FW) on the road surface, in order to verify the presence or not of a high friction condition (HIGH MU) or a low friction condition (LOW MU), wherein the limiting means (19) are operatively connected to the verification means (20) and, in case of detection of the slippage condition (SLP), are able to limit the maximum regeneration torque (RTMAX) according to the high friction (HIGH MU) or low friction (LOW MU) condition, and wherein the verification means (20) of the friction conditions comprise: a first detection unit (35) able to detect the high friction condition (HIGH MU) according to at least an acceleration value (AV ACC), a pressure value (PI) of a front brake of the electric motorcycle (M) and an instantaneous torque value (T IN) of the electric motor (E); a second detection unit (36) able to detect the low friction condition (LOW MU) according to at least a pressure value (PI) of a front brake of the electric motorcycle (M) and an instantaneous torque value (T IN) of the electric motor (E)-