Electric Propulsion Locking System for eVTOL Drag Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
In electric multi-propulsion systems, such as eVTOL aircraft, the movement of rotors not in use during flight generates undesirable drag, which affects efficiency and performance.
Innovation Solution
A locking system for electric propulsion systems that includes a lift propulsor, a motor with a rotor and stator, a propulsor sensor to determine motion parameters, and a lock mechanism controlled by a controller to prevent propulsor movement, allowing for smooth deceleration and locking of the propulsor during flight mode transitions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If the lift propulsor is left moving during flight mode transitions, then the system maintains operational flexibility, but drag increases and efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical locking mechanisms with electromagnetic actuators that use magnetic fields to engage and disengage locks. This substitution reduces mechanical complexity while maintaining the ability to effectively lock the propulsor and minimize drag during flight mode transitions.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes the state parameter of the propulsor from rotating to locked position based on flight mode requirements. The controller monitors flight conditions and actuates the locking mechanism only when needed, optimizing the balance between drag reduction and system simplicity by changing the propulsor's operational state parameter.
2Productivity
If a locking mechanism is added to prevent propulsor movement, then drag is reduced and efficiency improves, but the system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The locking mechanism is integrated into the existing propulsor assembly, allowing the same structural components to serve multiple functions: supporting the propulsor during operation and providing attachment points for the locking mechanism. This multi-functionality reduces overall system complexity while maintaining flight efficiency improvements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a controller as an intermediary that automatically manages the locking mechanism based on flight mode sensors. This intermediary component simplifies the overall system by providing intelligent control logic that eliminates the need for complex manual intervention mechanisms or overly sophisticated hardware-based control systems.
3Loss of energy
If the propulsor is quickly locked during flight transitions, then drag is minimized, but mechanical stress on components increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary deceleration of the propulsor using electromagnetic braking before engaging the mechanical lock. This preliminary action reduces the rotational speed and kinetic energy of the propulsor, ensuring that when the lock engages, the mechanical stress on components is minimized while still achieving rapid drag reduction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent incorporates damping elements and shock-absorbing features in the locking mechanism that are activated before the final locking engagement. These cushioning elements absorb the impact of propulsor deceleration, protecting components from excessive mechanical stress while maintaining the effectiveness of drag reduction.
Data Source
AI summary
A locking system for an electric propulsion system is disclosed. The system includes a propulsor configured to propel an electric vehicle and a motor operatively connected to the propulsor configured to power the propulsor. The motor includes a rotor connected to the propulsor and a stator configured to rotate the rotor. A propulsor sensor is configured to determine a motion parameter of the propulsor. A lock is configured to prevent a movement of the propulsor. A controller is configured to receive a signal from the propulsor sensor and control the motor as a function of the signal from the propulsor sensor, wherein controlling the motor includes allowing the propulsor to slow at a desired rate for parking.