Electrical Impedance Biosensor for Whole-Blood Fibrinogen Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for fibrinogen detection, such as the coagulation method and PT-der method, are inaccurate for high concentrations and require complex, time-consuming processes involving plasma samples, necessitating large blood volumes and centrifugation.
Innovation Solution
A biosensor that uses a blood sample directly for detection, employing an electrode system with interdigital resistance elements and a simplified detection process, allowing for electrical parameter measurement to determine fibrinogen levels without extensive pre-processing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If optical detection methods (coagulation method and PT-der method) are used for fibrinogen detection, then detection can be performed, but the detection process becomes complicated and time-consuming requiring plasma samples and centrifugation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the optical detection system with an electrical detection system. Instead of using light absorption measurements (optical method) to detect fibrinogen, the invention uses electrical impedance measurements through a micro-electrode array to detect changes in electrical properties caused by fibrinogen concentration variations, thereby simplifying the detection process and eliminating the need for plasma separation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the essential detection function from the complex optical detection system. By isolating the core measurement capability and implementing it through a simplified electrical measurement system with micro-electrodes, the invention removes unnecessary components such as centrifugation equipment, plasma separation steps, and complex optical measurement systems, retaining only the essential fibrinogen detection function
2Measurement precision
If optical detection methods are used, then fibrinogen can be detected, but large amounts of blood samples are required and pre-processing is needed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a porous substrate material that allows capillary action to draw the blood sample through the detection area. This porous structure enables the sample to be drawn automatically without requiring large volumes, as the capillary forces naturally transport the sample through the micro-electrode array, reducing the required blood sample quantity from milliliters to microliters
Solution Approach 2:
The detection system performs self-service by using the blood sample itself to drive the detection process. The sample's own properties (viscosity, composition) interact with the micro-electrode array to generate the electrical signal for detection, eliminating the need for external processing equipment or large sample volumes, as the system automatically adapts to the sample characteristics
3Measurement precision
If coagulation method is used for fibrinogen detection, then detection can be performed, but the process is time-consuming and requires professional guidance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces time-consuming coagulation-based mechanical detection with rapid electrical impedance measurement. Instead of waiting for coagulation to occur and measuring absorbance changes over time, the system directly measures electrical properties that respond immediately to fibrinogen concentration, reducing detection time from minutes to seconds while maintaining accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the detection parameter from optical absorbance (which requires coagulation to occur) to electrical impedance (which responds directly to fibrinogen). This parameter change enables rapid detection without waiting for coagulation reactions, as the electrical measurement can be performed immediately on the blood sample, significantly reducing detection time
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The biosensor provides intuitive, fast, and accurate detection of fibrinogen with reduced sample volume, applicable to whole blood, and is suitable for point-of-care testing without professional guidance.
Implementation Method 1
a biosensor for detecting a biological sample, which has a sample addition end and comprises an insulating substrate, a channel forming layer, and a reaction reagent, wherein an electrode system is disposed on the insulating substrate
Implementation Method 2
FIB is an important reactive substrate for thrombosis and involves in key steps of thrombosis
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a biosensor for detecting a biological sample, comprising a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode comprising a first resistance element connected to a first conductive trace, the first resistance element being set in the following manner: when the sample is added, at a predetermined point in time for detecting an electrical parameter using the first electrode and second electrode, the sample covers at least a portion of the first resistance element, but does not flow beyond the front end of the first resistance element. After the sample is added, a coagulation indicator in the sample can be calculated by detecting the electrical parameter.