Electrical Steel Strip Coating Without Chromium or Phosphate

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Solution Overview

Problem

There is a need for chromium- and phosphate-free coating compositions for electrical steel strips that do not use organic binders, offer high electrical conductivity, good coatability, and weldability, while being environmentally friendly and free from solvents.

Innovation Solution

Aqueous dispersions containing silicates dissolved in water with a mixture of water-insoluble oxide pigments, specifically titanium and aluminum oxides, are applied to the electrical steel strips, forming a coating that is chromium- and phosphate-free, using water glass solutions as the inorganic binder, which ensures optimal crosslinking and embedding of oxide particles for homogeneous coatings with low electrical surface conductivity and good weldability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If chromium-containing compositions are used for coating electrical steel strip, then corrosion resistance and coating adhesion are improved, but environmental hygiene deteriorates due to chromium emissions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecorrosion resistanceVSAvoidenvironmental hygiene
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The harmful chromium component is extracted and removed from the coating composition entirely. The patent uses completely chromium-free aqueous dispersions containing only silicates, oxide pigments, and water, eliminating the source of chromium emissions while maintaining protective functionality through alternative inorganic components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The chemical composition parameters of the coating are fundamentally changed by replacing chromium-based compounds with silicate-based inorganic dispersions. This parameter change maintains the protective function (corrosion resistance) while eliminating the harmful environmental aspect (chromium content).

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of manufacture

If organic binders and solvents are used in coating compositions, then coatability and film formation are improved, but environmental impact worsens due to volatile organic compound emissions

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecoatabilityVSAvoidenvironmental impact
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Organic binders and solvents are completely extracted and removed from the coating system. The patent employs an inorganic water-based dispersion where water serves as the sole solvent and silicates provide binding functionality, eliminating volatile organic compound emissions entirely.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The organic binding mechanism is substituted with inorganic silicate chemistry. The silicates in the aqueous dispersion provide adhesion and film formation through inorganic mechanisms rather than organic polymer chemistry, replacing the functional role of organic binders without the associated environmental harm.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If phosphate-free aqueous dispersions are used, then environmental hygiene is improved, but coating performance and adhesion may deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenvironmental hygieneVSAvoidcoating performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by using silicates with specific molecular weights and concentrations (0.1-1.0 mmol/mL) to achieve optimal coating performance without phosphates. The silicate concentration and water glass modulus are carefully controlled to ensure adequate adhesion and protective properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The coating composition is formulated as a composite inorganic system combining silicates, oxide pigments (titanium oxide, aluminum oxide), and water. This composite approach provides both environmental compatibility (no phosphates or chromium) and sufficient coating performance through synergistic interactions between the inorganic components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

4Object-affected harmful factors

If inorganic binders like silicates are used instead of organic binders, then environmental friendliness is improved, but electrical conductivity and weldability may worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenvironmental friendlinessVSAvoidweldability
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent optimizes the silicate concentration (0.1-1.0 mmol/mL) and water glass modulus (2.0-4.0) to achieve the right balance between environmental friendliness and weldability. By controlling these parameters, the coating provides sufficient electrical insulation for transformer operation while maintaining adequate weldability for core assembly.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The coating is designed with local quality variations where the inorganic silicate matrix provides environmental compatibility and corrosion protection, while the oxide pigment particles (titanium oxide, aluminum oxide) contribute to electrical insulation and surface properties that influence weldability. This local differentiation of functions allows optimization of multiple properties simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides coatings with high electrical resistance, excellent weldability, and low environmental impact, as it eliminates the use of solvents and organic binders, maintaining high performance and coatability without emitting volatile organic compounds during the coating process.

Implementation Method 1

which ensures optimal crosslinking and embedding of oxide particles for homogeneous coatings

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCrosslinking: Chemical Bonding

Implementation Method 2

aqueous dispersions containing silicates dissolved in water with a mixture of water-insoluble oxide pigments, specifically titanium and aluminum oxides, are applied to the electrical steel strips, forming a coating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdsorption: Adsorption

Implementation Method 3

maintaining high performance and coatability without emitting volatile organic compounds during the coating process

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Data Source

PatentUS11873408B2Chromium- and phosphate-free coating for electrically insulating an electric strip
Publication Date: 2024.01.16 HENKEL KGAA

AI summary

The present invention relates to a method for providing electrically insulating and anti-corrosive coatings on electrical steel strip by using a phosphate-free aqueous dispersion. Furthermore, the invention relates to such an aqueous dispersion which is particularly suitable for providing electrically insulating and anti-corrosive coatings on electrical steel strip. The aqueous dispersion of the present invention is substantially free of phosphates and organic compounds and comprises silicates dissolved in water as an inorganic binder which forms the coating, and a mixture of oxide pigments of the elements titanium and aluminum. The subject matter of the invention also comprises a laminated electrical steel strip which is made from the electrical steel strip produced in the method according to the invention or from electrical steel strip coated with an aqueous dispersion according to the invention.