Electro-optic Polymer with Thioamide Bonds for High Tg
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electro-optic polymers face challenges in achieving high glass transition temperature (Tg) while maintaining favorable film-forming properties and preventing molecular dimerization, which affects their electro-optic performance and stability over time.
Innovation Solution
A polymer comprising a methacrylate-based base polymer with reactive groups, such as iso(thio)cyanato groups, and electro-optic molecules with multiple reactive groups, forming bonds like (thio)urethane, (thio)urea, or (thio)amide bonds, which allows for high Tg and stable electro-optic performance even at low alicyclic methacrylate monomer content.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If the EO molecule content is increased to increase the Tg of the electro-optic polymer, then the Tg is able to be increased only up to about 135°C
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical structure parameters of the base polymer by introducing alicyclic methacrylate monomers with specific ring structures (cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl groups) to fundamentally alter the polymer's thermal properties. This structural modification enables the Tg to exceed 135°C while preserving electro-optic performance, resolving the contradiction between achieving high Tg and maintaining electro-optic effect magnitude.
2Temperature
If the CAMA content in the base polymer is increased to increase the Tg, then the Tg of the base polymer can be increased, but several problems may arise including fragility of a film made from the electro-optic polymer, poor film-forming properties, crack generation
Solution Approach 1:
The invention applies local quality by specifically designing the alicyclic methacrylate monomer structure with different cyclic group configurations (cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl) at specific positions in the polymer chain. This localized structural optimization provides both high Tg and good film-forming properties, resolving the contradiction between thermal stability and film quality.
3Temperature
If the CAMA content is increased to increase the Tg, then the Tg can be increased, but the ratio of MOI that binds to EO molecules decreases, and the concentration of EO molecules decreases, resulting in failure to achieve both a high Tg and high EO effect
Solution Approach 1:
The invention creates a composite polymer system combining methacrylate-based base polymer with alicyclic methacrylate monomers and EO molecules. This composite structure achieves synergistic effects where the alicyclic groups provide high Tg while the base polymer matrix maintains EO molecule concentration and binding efficiency, resolving the contradiction between thermal stability and electro-optic activity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides electro-optic polymers with improved film-forming properties, high Tg, and reduced dimerization of electro-optic molecules, leading to a stable electro-optic effect over a long period.
Implementation Method 1
a bond (C) formed by reaction of the reactive group (A) with the plurality of reactive groups (B), the bond (C) being at least one type of bond selected from the group consisting of a (thio) ester bond, a (thio) urethane bond, a (thio) urea bond and a (thio) amide bond
Implementation Method 2
The electro-optic effect is a phenomenon in which the refractive index of a material changes when an electric field is applied to the material
Implementation Method 3
under finite temperature, the orientation of the molecules is gradually relaxed by thermal energy, and the electro-optic effect decreases as time lapses
Data Source
AI summary
An object of the present invention is to provide a novel electro-optic polymer. Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel electro-optic polymer with a low alicyclic methacrylate monomer content. The polymer according to the present invention is a polymer comprising (a) a base polymer having a reactive group (A), (b) an electro-optic molecule having a plurality of reactive groups (B), and a bond (C) formed by reaction of the reactive group (A) with the plurality of reactive groups (B), the bond (C) being at least one type of bond selected from the group consisting of a (thio) ester bond, a (thio) urethane bond, a (thio) urea bond and a (thio)amide bond.