Electrochemical Methanogenesis for CO2 Conversion

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Solution Overview

Problem

The increasing demand for fossil fuels, particularly crude oil, contributes to high prices and excessive carbon dioxide production, leading to global warming, while existing technologies have limited effectiveness in reducing carbon footprints and fossil fuel consumption due to growing populations and ecological imbalances.

Innovation Solution

A method and apparatus for producing methane from carbon dioxide and hydrogen using anaerobic Archaea methanogens in a pressurized aqueous growth substrate, where the methanogens are maintained at optimal temperatures and pH levels, and an electrical current is applied to enhance methane production and control pH levels.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If fossil fuels are consumed to meet energy demand, then energy needs are satisfied, but carbon dioxide production increases leading to global warming

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy demand satisfactionVSAvoidcarbon dioxide production
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The invention converts carbon dioxide, a harmful greenhouse gas, into methane, a useful energy carrier. The electrochemical process reduces CO2 to methane using electrical energy, transforming an environmental problem into a resource that can replace fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the chemical state of carbon dioxide by applying electrical energy and catalytic action to convert it into methane. This parameter change transforms CO2 from a waste product into a valuable fuel, simultaneously addressing energy demand and reducing carbon emissions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If crude oil consumption increases to meet fossil fuel demand, then energy production is maintained, but prices become excessively high

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy productionVSAvoidcrude oil demand
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The invention enables self-service by producing methane from carbon dioxide using electrochemical processes. The system can generate its own fuel supply from available CO2, reducing dependence on external crude oil imports and stabilizing energy prices by creating a local, sustainable fuel source.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the energy matrix by transitioning from crude oil-based energy to methane produced from CO2. This parameter change in the energy supply system reduces crude oil demand and provides an alternative fuel source that can maintain energy production without excessive price increases.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Adaptability or versatility

If forests are removed to accommodate development, then land use is optimized, but carbon dioxide absorption capacity decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveland use flexibilityVSAvoidcarbon dioxide accumulation
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The invention converts the harmful accumulation of atmospheric CO2 into beneficial methane fuel. By providing a technological means to remove CO2 from the atmosphere and convert it into energy, the invention compensates for the loss of forest carbon sinks without requiring forest preservation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention replaces the natural mechanical system of forest photosynthesis with an electrochemical system for CO2 removal. Instead of relying on biological processes to absorb CO2, the system uses electrical energy and catalytic reactions to convert CO2 into methane, providing a more efficient and controllable solution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Loss of energy

If engine efficiency is improved to reduce fossil fuel waste, then fuel consumption decreases, but the effect is insufficient due to population growth

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefossil fuel wastageVSAvoidenergy demand
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention fundamentally changes the energy supply parameter by producing methane from CO2, transitioning from a depletion-based energy system to a regeneration-based system. This addresses both energy demand growth and fossil fuel conservation by creating a sustainable fuel cycle that can keep pace with population growth without increasing crude oil consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention creates a composite energy system combining electrochemical conversion, catalytic processes, and methane production. This composite approach integrates multiple technologies to efficiently convert CO2 into usable fuel, providing a comprehensive solution that addresses both energy demand and fossil fuel conservation requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach effectively reduces carbon dioxide levels, decreases fossil fuel demand, and lowers prices by efficiently producing methane, thereby addressing global warming and energy price issues.

Implementation Method 1

a culture comprising living methanogenic microorganisms

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMethanogenesis: Anaerobic Digestion

Implementation Method 2

the cathode vessel (12) and aqueous growth substrate is pressurized to a pressure of from 5 to 1000 bar with a pressurizing fluid consisting of liquid carbon dioxide, or a mixture of liquid carbon dioxide and hydrogen

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas dissolution under pressure: Absorption (physical)

Implementation Method 3

applying a direct electrical current to the positive electrode and the negative electrode to: effect ionization of hydrogen in the cathode reaction vessel (12) to produce hydrogen

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrolysis: Electrolysis

Data Source

PatentEP2877587B1Method for the production of methane and apparatus suitable therefore
Publication Date: 2017.09.06 FFGF
  • EP2877587B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2877587B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP2877587B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

This invention relates to a method for producing hydrocarbons from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of hydrogen and methanogen/s. the methanogen/s is/are provided in an aqueous growth substrate and the aqueous growth substrate is pressurized to a pressure of from 5 to 1000 bar with a pressurizing fluid containing or comprising carbon dioxide. In an embodiment of the invention, a cathode is provided to generate hydrogen and also to control the pH of the aqueous growth substrate. The invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method.