Electrode Array Potentials for Submicron Electrochemical Machining

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional electrochemical machining (ECM) processes are limited in achieving precise geometric fidelity and producing components with submicron features due to the inability to control the oxidation rate at strategic locations on the workpiece, especially when dealing with complex geometries and closely spaced features.

Innovation Solution

The use of an array of individual electrodes with uniquely applied potentials and an electrolyte flushing system to generate multiple electric fields, allowing for individualized control of the oxidation rate and enabling the machining of workpieces with submicron features by tuning mass transport of ionic species and applying specific potentials to each electrode.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If conventional ECM processes are used with a single tool electrode, then the process is simple to operate, but the geometric fidelity and ability to produce submicron features is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegeometric fidelityVSAvoidelectrode array complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The tool electrode is segmented into an array of individual electrodes, each capable of independent potential control. This segmentation enables localized oxidation rate control at strategic locations on the workpiece, achieving high geometric fidelity and submicron features while maintaining manageable system complexity through modular electrode design

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Each individual electrode in the array can have a uniquely applied potential, creating local variations in oxidation rates at different locations on the workpiece. This local quality control allows precise machining of complex geometries with varying feature requirements, producing submicron features where needed while maintaining overall geometric fidelity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Manufacturing precision

If an array of individual electrodes with uniquely applied potentials is used, then the oxidation rate can be controlled at strategic locations, but the system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoxidation rate controlVSAvoidpotential control system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system employs dynamic potential control where each electrode's potential can be independently adjusted and modified during the machining process. This dynamic control enables real-time optimization of oxidation rates at different locations, achieving precise geometric fidelity while the control system adapts to varying workpiece geometries and machining requirements

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the electrical potential parameter for each individual electrode based on the specific machining requirements. By adjusting potential magnitude and polarity for each electrode, the oxidation rate is precisely controlled at strategic locations, achieving high manufacturing precision while the parameter variations are managed through systematic control algorithms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Productivity

If electrolyte flushing is used to remove oxidized material, then the material removal efficiency is improved, but the system requires additional components and complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvematerial removal rateVSAvoidelectrolyte delivery system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The electrolyte solution serves as an intermediary medium that facilitates both the electrochemical oxidation process and the removal of oxidized material. The electrolyte delivery system is integrated with the electrode array structure, with flushing channels positioned between electrodes, allowing efficient material removal through a unified system rather than separate components, thus improving productivity without excessive complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for the production of components with high fidelity and submicron features, such as those with minimum dimensions of 1 µm to 2.50 µm, and enables the machining of complex geometries and components with improved geometric fidelity, surpassing the limitations of traditional ECM methods.

Implementation Method 1

the electrically conductive material is oxidized from the workpiece using an applied potential

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxidation: Oxidation

Implementation Method 2

ECM is a process of removing electrically conductive material, such as metallic materials, by an electrochemical process

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrochemical process: Electrolysis

Implementation Method 3

The electrolyte, usually a salt solution in water, flows through the gap, flushing away the oxidized material from the workpiece

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid flow: Convection

Implementation Method 4

allowing a current to flow at a controlled rate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP4299224A1Methods and systems of electrochemical machining
Publication Date: 2024.01.03 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP4299224A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4299224A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4299224A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Methods and systems of electrochemically machining a component are provided. The method (700) may include applying two or more potentials to a tool electrode (120) comprising an array of two or more individual electrodes (140) to generate two or more electric fields in between the tool electrode (120) and a workpiece (130) opposite of the tool electrode (120), wherein each of the two or more electric fields is generated by one of the array of two or more individual electrodes (140).