Electrode-Based Liquid-Level Sensor for Float-Free Appliances

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing liquid level sensors in household appliances, such as washing machines, face issues with reliability due to mechanical float systems that can become blocked or inert, leading to delayed activation and inaccuracy in detecting liquid levels, especially under turbulent conditions.

Innovation Solution

A purely electrical sensor system using electrodes with varying resistance based on liquid conductivity, eliminating mechanical parts and utilizing a floating electrode to ensure precise and reliable detection without mechanical movements or inaccuracies.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a mechanical float system is used for liquid level detection, then the construction is simple and cost is low, but the reliability is limited due to blockage risk and mechanical inertia

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection reliabilityVSAvoidsensor construction complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical float system with an electrical sensing system using electrodes that detect liquid level through electrical conductivity changes. This substitution eliminates moving parts, blockage risks, and mechanical inertia while maintaining detection functionality, directly resolving the contradiction between reliability and complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary electrical field between electrodes to detect liquid level. Instead of direct mechanical contact, the liquid itself acts as the intermediary medium that completes the electrical circuit when reaching certain levels, enabling reliable detection without mechanical components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If a mechanical float system is used, then installation is simple, but detection precision is limited due to float variability and turbulence sensitivity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveliquid level detection precisionVSAvoidinstallation simplicity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The electrical electrode system replaces the mechanical float, eliminating sensitivity to turbulence and float variability. The electrodes provide stable, precise measurements based on electrical conductivity thresholds that are not affected by liquid motion or turbulence.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the detection parameter from mechanical position to electrical conductivity. By measuring electrical resistance or conductivity changes as liquid rises between electrodes, the system achieves higher precision without being influenced by mechanical variations or turbulent conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Loss of time

If a float-based sensor is used, then the overall cost is low, but response time is delayed due to mechanical inertia

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection response timeVSAvoidblocking resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The electrical sensing system responds instantaneously to liquid level changes through electrical conductivity changes, eliminating the mechanical inertia that causes delayed response in float systems. This immediate response prevents flooding while maintaining system reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Area of stationary object

If electrodes are positioned close together for compact design, then footprint is reduced, but detection accuracy may be affected by liquid turbulence

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor footprintVSAvoidlevel detection accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses electrical conductivity as the detection parameter, which is inherently insensitive to liquid turbulence. Even with compact electrode spacing, the electrical field detection method maintains accuracy because it measures conductivity thresholds rather than mechanical displacement, eliminating turbulence-related errors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The electrical sensor system provides continuous, accurate, and reliable liquid level detection, reducing the risk of blockages and inertia, and offering high precision and modularity with low costs and small dimensions, suitable for various household appliances with minimal modifications.

Implementation Method 1

an electrical resistance is established between the first electrode (107) and the second electrode (106), said electrical resistance being of a predetermined value and proportionate to said predetermined difference in potential (V) in a situation in which the level of said liquid in said container is such as not to define any conductive path between said first electrode (107) and said second electrode (106), said electrical resistance being variable as soon as the level of said liquid in the container is such as to establish at least one conductive path between said first electrode (107) and said second electrode (106)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical resistance: Electrical Resistance

Data Source

PatentEP3715800B1Detection sensor for detecting the level of a liquid in a storage container or tank, in particular for household appliances such as washing machines, laundry machines, dishwashers or the like
Publication Date: 2022.11.30 ELETTROTECNICA ROLD
  • EP3715800B1 patent drawingFigure 1a
  • EP3715800B1 patent drawingFigure 1b
  • EP3715800B1 patent drawingFigure 1c

AI summary

A detection sensor (100) for detecting the level of a liquid in a storage container or tank, where said sensor comprises a first detection device (101) comprising a support element (102) adapted to be positioned, at least partially, in the inner space defined by said container and intended for storing or collecting said liquid; where said first device (101) comprises a first electrode (107) and a second electrode (106) supported by said support element (102) in a fixed mutual position; where between said first electrode (107) and second electrode (106), an electrical resistance is established when said first electrode and second electrode are at least partially immersed in (or wetted by) said liquid.