Electrode-to-Muscle Mapping Calibration for Autonomous FES

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing FES systems face challenges in efficiently determining electrode energization patterns for producing desired movements due to individual anatomical variations and the need for frequent recalibration, which limits user autonomy and requires labor-intensive manual adjustment by a physical therapist.

Innovation Solution

An iterative calibration method using metaheuristic optimization, such as Differential Evolution, to determine optimized electrode energization patterns, incorporating sensor feedback, a priori information, and user input to minimize discomfort, and optimizing multiple movements simultaneously.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If manual calibration by physical therapist is used to determine electrode energization patterns, then individual anatomical variations can be accommodated, but the process becomes labor-intensive and requires frequent recalibration

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrode energization pattern accuracyVSAvoidcalibration process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs self-calibration by automatically determining electrode energization patterns through iterative optimization algorithms that use sensor feedback to refine the mapping between electrodes and muscle activation, eliminating the need for manual calibration by physical therapists

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system incorporates sensor feedback mechanisms that monitor the actual movement produced by electrode stimulation and use this information to iteratively adjust and optimize the electrode energization patterns, ensuring accurate mapping without manual intervention

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Measurement precision

If manual calibration is performed to account for individual variations and device positioning, then accurate movement production is achieved, but user autonomy is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemovement production accuracyVSAvoiduser autonomy
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSExtent of automation

Solution Approach 1:

The system enables users to independently calibrate their own devices through automated algorithms that adapt to individual anatomical variations and device positioning, restoring user autonomy while maintaining movement production accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system automatically adjusts electrode energization parameters based on real-time sensor feedback and iterative optimization, adapting to individual user characteristics without requiring manual calibration, thereby enabling user autonomy while maintaining precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If frequent recalibration is performed to maintain accuracy, then electrode-muscle mapping precision is improved, but time consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrode-muscle mapping precisionVSAvoidcalibration time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs rapid automated self-calibration that determines accurate electrode-muscle mappings in minimal time through efficient optimization algorithms, eliminating the time-consuming manual recalibration process while maintaining high precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs initial calibration during device setup or first use, establishing an accurate electrode-muscle mapping that can be maintained over time, reducing the frequency of subsequent recalibration events while preserving precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

4Measurement precision

If multiple movements are calibrated separately to ensure accuracy, then each movement's electrode pattern is optimized, but the calibration process becomes more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveindividual movement optimizationVSAvoidcalibration system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system combines multiple movement calibrations into a unified optimization process that simultaneously determines electrode energization patterns for multiple movements, reducing overall complexity while maintaining individual movement optimization through integrated sensor feedback and iterative refinement

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentEP4149610B1Calibration of electrode-to-muscle mapping for functional electrical stimulation
Publication Date: 2025.09.10 BATTELLE MEMORIAL INST
  • EP4149610B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4149610B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4149610B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A functional electrical stimulation (FES) device includes electrodes arranged to apply functional electrical stimulation to a body part of the user. FES stimulation is performed by: receiving values of a set of user metrics for the user; receiving a target position of the body part represented as values for a set of body part position measurements; determining a user-specific energization pattern for producing the target position based on the received target position and the received values of the set of user metrics for the user; and energizing the electrodes of the FES device in accordance with the determined user-specific energization pattern. The determination may utilize an FES calibration database with records having fields containing: values of the set of user metrics for reference users; energization patterns; and values of the set of body part position metrics for positions assumed by the body part in response to applying the energization patterns.