Electrode Plate With Microelectrodes For Redox Cycle Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electrode plates for electrochemical measurements face challenges in achieving high sensitivity and accurate quantitative determination of substances like saccharides due to issues such as reduced electric current values and inefficient redox cycles, particularly when the electrode area is miniaturized, leading to noise increase and sensitivity deterioration.
Innovation Solution
The electrode plate design includes a substrate with insulating layers and through-holes, featuring multiple electrodes with specific arrangements and shapes to facilitate efficient redox cycles, where the upper and lower electrodes are exposed through the substrate and insulating layers, allowing for even distribution of reaction products and optimized redox cycle reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If the electrode area is miniaturized to accelerate electrode response speed, then the response speed is improved, but the electric current value is lowered and sensitivity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The electrode is divided into multiple microelectrodes (first electrode and second electrode) with small individual areas, arranged in pairs. Each microelectrode has an area of several hundred μm² or less, which accelerates response speed while maintaining adequate current through the collective effect of multiple electrodes
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates localized redox cycles around each electrode pair, where the first electrode generates oxidized form and the second electrode generates reduced form in close proximity. This local concentration of reaction products enhances the efficiency of redox cycles without requiring large electrode areas
2Reliability
If the area of the reduction electrode is much greater than the oxidation electrode, then the redox cycle efficiency may improve, but the reaction time to reach stationary state increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs asymmetric electrode configuration where the reduction electrode area is larger than the oxidation electrode area, but both are miniaturized compared to conventional designs. This asymmetric miniaturization maintains efficient redox cycles while reducing the time to reach stationary state
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the area ratio between oxidation and reduction electrodes, and adjusts the distance between electrode pairs to achieve optimal redox cycle efficiency with reduced reaction time. The specific parameters include electrode area of several hundred μm² or less and controlled spacing between electrodes
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances the accuracy and sensitivity of electrochemical measurements by maintaining efficient redox cycles and reducing reaction time to a stationary state, enabling precise quantitative determination of substances in sample solutions.
Implementation Method 1
a first electrode body having a plurality of first electrodes... a second electrode body having a plurality of second electrodes... the first electrode generates an oxidized form of the electronic mediator, and the second electrode generates a reduced form of the electronic mediator
Implementation Method 2
after the reaction is allowed between the saccharide and the enzyme, the electronic mediator is electrochemically measured
Implementation Method 3
the first electrode generates an oxidized form of the electronic mediator, and the second electrode generates a reduced form of the electronic mediator, whereby a redox cycle reaction proceeds
Data Source
AI summary
An electrode plate for electrochemical measurements capable of measuring the concentration of a target substance included in a sample solution with favorable accuracy and high sensitivity is provided. The electrode plate for electrochemical measurements of the present invention includes a substrate, an upper layer, a lower layer, a first electrode body sandwiched between the substrate and the upper layer, and a second electrode body sandwiched between the substrate and the lower layer, wherein: the upper layer has a plurality of upper layer through-holes; the first electrode body has a plurality of first electrodes exposed from via the upper layer through-hole in the first electrode body; the substrate has a plurality of substrate through-holes; and the second electrode body has a plurality of second electrodes exposed via the upper layer through-hole and the substrate through-hole in the second electrode body.