Continuous Electrode Manufacturing via Suction Filtration

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods for manufacturing electrodes for metal-ion batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, are limited in producing thick electrodes with high active material load and conductivity due to solvent evaporation and binder migration issues, which restricts energy density and production rate.

Innovation Solution

A continuous manufacturing process involving a current collector with through holes and a filter to suction the solvent through, ensuring homogeneous distribution and retention of active material, eliminating the need for solvent evaporation and preventing binder migration, allowing for higher active material load and conductivity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Volume of moving object

If conventional slot die coating with solvent evaporation is used, then the manufacturing process is simple and continuous, but the electrode thickness is limited to around 100 μm and production rate is limited to 0.1-10 m/min

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrode thicknessVSAvoidproduction rate
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the solvent removal function from thermal evaporation to mechanical filtration. The suction system with filter physically separates and removes solvent through the current collector, eliminating the bottleneck of solvent evaporation rate that limited both electrode thickness and production speed in conventional processes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a suction system that uses negative pressure (pneumatic principle) to draw solvent through the current collector and filter. This pneumatic approach enables rapid solvent removal without thermal constraints, allowing both thicker electrodes and higher production rates to be achieved simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

2Volume of moving object

If solvent evaporation is used to form thick electrodes, then electrode thickness can be increased, but binder migrates to the electrode surface causing composition inhomogeneity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrode thicknessVSAvoidcomposition homogeneity
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the solvent removal mechanism from thermal evaporation to mechanical filtration through suction. This prevents the binder migration phenomenon that occurs during evaporation, as the solvent is mechanically pulled through the structure rather than volatilized, maintaining homogeneous distribution of active material and binder throughout the electrode.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the thermal field (evaporation) with a mechanical field (suction and filtration). This substitution eliminates the compositional inhomogeneity caused by thermal evaporation while enabling the formation of thick electrodes with uniform material distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Volume of moving object

If foam current collector is used to enable solvent flow through, then thick electrodes can be formed, but it is difficult to achieve high gram-percentage due to challenges in filling foam pores

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrode thicknessVSAvoidgram-percentage of active material
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a porous current collector structure that allows solvent to flow through while providing sufficient surface area for active material deposition. The controlled porosity enables both thick electrode formation and high gram-percentage by facilitating complete pore filling with active material during the suction process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

Solution Approach 2:

The suction system uses pneumatic pressure to force solvent and suspended active material through the porous current collector. This ensures complete and uniform filling of the porous structure, achieving high gram-percentage that was difficult to obtain with passive foam impregnation methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

4Volume of moving object

If paper substrate with cellulose fibers is used for filtration, then thick electrodes can be formed, but electrical conductivity remains low due to non-conductive cellulose fibers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrode thicknessVSAvoidelectrical conductivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a composite current collector structure combining porous substrate with conductive materials (such as metal foams or carbon-based materials). This composite approach maintains the filtration and thick electrode formation capabilities while ensuring sufficient electrical conductivity for battery operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a conductive intermediary layer or material within the current collector structure that mediates between the filtration function and electrical conductivity requirement. This intermediary ensures that the porous structure can both filter solvent and conduct electricity effectively.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This process enables the production of thick electrodes with improved conductivity and energy density, increasing production speed and reducing energy costs, while maintaining mechanical properties and safety.

Implementation Method 1

continuous suction of the deposited ink, through the current collector, from the first face to the second face of the current collector, by a suction system located on the second face of the current collector, to remove the solvent

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSuction: Suction

Implementation Method 2

a filter being disposed between the current collector and the suction system, the filter having pore sizes ranging from 0.1μm to 50μm, so as to retain the solid constituents of the ink, and, in particular, the active material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFiltration: Filter (physical)

Data Source

PatentEP3474349B1Method for the continuous production of an electrode
Publication Date: 2020.06.24 COMMISSARIAT A LENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES
  • EP3474349B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~2
  • EP3474349B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3474349B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

A method for the continuous manufacture of an electrode comprising the following steps carried out simultaneously and continuously: a) Continuously moving a current collector (10), the current collector having at least one undeburred through hole, b) Continuously depositing an ink (30) onto the first face of the current collector (10), the ink (30) comprising at least one solvent and an active electrode material (20), c) Continuously aspirating the deposited ink (30) through the current collector (10) by a suction system (50) to remove the solvent, so as to form an electrode, the thickness of the electrode being greater than the radius of the through hole, a filter (40) being disposed between the current collector (10) and the suction system (50), the filter (40) having pore sizes ranging from 0.1 µm to 50 µm, and preferably from 0.2 µm to 5 µm, so as to retain the active material (20).