3D Electroform Stencil for LED Solder Deposition

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing LED manufacturing methods face challenges in preventing solder bridging and ensuring precise deposition of high-melting-point solders like gold-tin, which is crucial for automotive applications where thermal conditions are extreme.

Innovation Solution

A 3D electroform stencil is used to deposit gold-tin solder patterns on metal pads within an LED package, utilizing apertures to prevent bridging and ensure precise solder distribution, allowing for efficient attachment of the LED die in constrained spaces.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If conventional stencil printing is used to deposit solder, then the process is simple, but solder bridging occurs and deposition precision is poor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesolder deposition precisionVSAvoidstencil structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from conventional 2D flat stencils to 3D electroform stencils with vertical walls and reservoirs. This dimensional change allows solder paste to be contained in reservoirs and released through controlled apertures, preventing bridging while maintaining deposition precision. The 3D structure enables the stencil to engage with sidewalls of the reflector cup, providing mechanical stability and precise positioning.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The stencil is divided into multiple reservoirs, each containing solder paste for specific pads. Each reservoir has its own apertures that align with corresponding metal pads. This segmentation allows independent control of solder deposition for each pad, preventing bridging between adjacent pads while maintaining simple manufacturing processes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If high-melting-point solder like gold-tin is used for automotive applications, then thermal reliability is improved, but solder bridging becomes more difficult to prevent

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal reliabilityVSAvoidsolder deposition precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The stencil design provides different local structures: vertical walls at the reservoir boundaries to contain solder paste and prevent bridging, and controlled apertures at the bottom surface for precise solder release. The lip structure engages with sidewalls to provide localized mechanical support. This local quality differentiation allows the use of high-melting-point solder while maintaining deposition precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Manufacturing precision

If a 3D electroform stencil with reservoirs is used, then solder bridging is prevented and deposition precision is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesolder deposition precisionVSAvoidstencil structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The 3D electroform stencil structure serves multiple functions simultaneously: the vertical walls and lip engage with sidewalls for self-positioning and mechanical support, the reservoirs automatically contain solder paste, and the apertures provide self-aligned solder release paths. This self-service capability reduces the need for additional positioning mechanisms and complex control systems, offsetting the increased structural complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method effectively prevents solder bridging and ensures reliable electrical connections, enabling LED packages to operate under high thermal conditions, such as those found in automotive headlights, while maintaining precision and reliability.

Implementation Method 1

performing reservoir stencil printing to deposit a respective solder pattern on each of the metal pads

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectStencil printing:

Implementation Method 2

performing reflow soldering to attach the LED die to the metal pads

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflow soldering: Soldering

Data Source

PatentEP3563428B1Method for manufacturing light emitting devices using electroform stencil printing
Publication Date: 2021.02.17 LUMILEDS LLC
  • EP3563428B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3563428B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~3B
  • EP3563428B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A method for manufacturing light emitting devices, comprising: providing a package body including: (i) a reflector cup defining a cavity and (ii) a plurality of metal pads disposed at a bottom surface of the cavity; performing reservoir stencil printing to deposit a respective solder pattern on each of the metal pads, the reservoir stencil printing being performed using a 3D electroform stencil that is placed over the reflector cup, the 3D electroform stencil including a lip configured to engage one or more sidewalls of the reflector cup, and a reservoir extending away from the lip and into the cavity; placing an LED die on the solder patterns that are formed on the metal pads and performing reflow soldering to attach the LED die to the metal pads.