Electrohydraulic Emergency Circuit for Manipulator Mast Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing electrohydraulic control circuits for manipulators, such as truck-mounted concrete pumps, face challenges in safe and intuitive emergency operation when normal control components fail, including delayed response due to long hydraulic lines and the need for separate control oil circuits, which complicates control and increases weight.

Innovation Solution

An electrohydraulic control circuit with an emergency operating unit that allows electrical control of emergency valves, featuring a stepper motor-controlled proportional valve arranged directly on the drive unit, reducing hydraulic lines and enabling faster response, and a local control device for precise motor control, along with a separate emergency pressure supply unit for fault-tolerant operation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If proportional valves are arranged in a central control block away from drive units, then control is centralized, but response time is delayed due to long hydraulic lines

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecentralized control structureVSAvoidresponse time of drive units
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The control system is segmented into decentralized control units, with each drive unit having its own proportional valve integrated directly on it. This segmentation eliminates long hydraulic lines between central control block and drive units, enabling immediate response when emergency operation is activated.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

A common return line serves as an intermediary element that allows both normal operation and emergency operation to share hydraulic infrastructure. This mediator enables the emergency valve to drain hydraulic oil from the drive unit chamber back to the tank through the shared return line, providing a simple and reliable emergency function without requiring separate complex infrastructure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If lowering brake valves are used to prevent manipulator lowering in event of damage, then safety is improved, but response behavior is greatly delayed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesafety in event of damageVSAvoidresponse behavior of drive units
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The lowering brake valve function is extracted and replaced by check valves with significantly faster control behavior. The check valves are positioned directly on the drive units with minimal hydraulic line length, eliminating the delayed response characteristic of centralized lowering brake valves while maintaining the safety function of preventing uncontrolled lowering.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The mechanical lowering brake valve system is replaced with a simpler check valve mechanism that provides faster response. The check valves allow free flow in the normal direction but prevent reverse flow, providing passive safety without the complex mechanical braking mechanism and its associated response delays.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Ease of operation

If a separate control oil circuit is provided for opening/closing check valves and supplying proportional valve, then valve control is enabled, but additional pressure supply line and tank line are required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevalve control capabilityVSAvoidnumber of pressure supply lines and tank lines
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The main pressure supply line and tank line are designed to serve multiple functions: normal operation of proportional valves, emergency operation of emergency valves, and control of check valves. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate control oil circuits, reducing the number of hydraulic lines while maintaining full valve control capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

Separate control oil circuits for check valves and proportional valves are merged into a single unified hydraulic system. The same pressure supply line and tank line that serve normal operation also provide control pressure for all valve operations, including emergency functions, thereby simplifying the overall hydraulic architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

4Device complexity

If a common return line is used for normal operation and emergency operation, then system simplicity is improved, but emergency operation becomes impossible in event of leak

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehydraulic line configurationVSAvoidemergency operation capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The emergency valve is positioned directly on each drive unit with local control capability, creating a localized emergency response system. This local quality ensures that even if the common return line has a leak elsewhere in the system, the emergency valve can still drain hydraulic oil from its associated drive unit chamber through the intact local section of the return line, maintaining emergency operation capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Ensures safe and intuitive emergency operation with reduced weight and complexity, enabling reliable control of manipulator mast segments even in failure scenarios, with improved response behavior and weight savings.

Implementation Method 1

The proportional valve can be controlled with a stepper motor (31)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectStepper motor: Linear Motor

Implementation Method 2

electrically controlled proportional valve (28)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic actuation: Electromagnet

Implementation Method 3

hydraulically actuated drive units (2)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydraulic pressure transmission: Pascal's Law

Data Source

PatentEP3443182B1Electrohydraulic control circuit for a large manipulator
Publication Date: 2022.01.26 SCHWING GMBH
  • EP3443182B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3443182B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3443182B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to an electrohydraulic control circuit (1) for actuating a hydraulically actuated drive assembly (2, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d), by means of which the orientation of a mast segment (3, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) of a manipulator (4), in particular of a large manipulator for truck-mounted concrete pumps, can be adjusted, having an electrically actuated proportional valve (28) which is connected to hydraulic operating lines (29, 30) of the drive assembly (2, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) in order to actuate it during normal operation, wherein the proportional valve (28) is connected to a pressure supply line (24) and to a return line (25), wherein, for emergency operation, an emergency valve (36) is connected to the hydraulic operating lines (29, 30) of the drive assembly (2, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) in order to actuate it during emergency operation. It is an object of the invention to specify a control circuit and a manipulator which makes reliable emergency operation possible in the event of the failure of the regular control circuit components. To this end, the invention proposes that, in emergency operation, the emergency valve (36) is actuated via an emergency operating unit (56). As an alternative or in addition to this, the emergency valve (36) can be connected to a further pressure supply line (26) which is connected to an emergency pressure supply unit (8), and as an alternative or in addition, furthermore, the emergency valve (36) can be connected to a further return line. Moreover, the invention relates to a manipulator (4), in particular a large manipulator for truck-mounted concrete pumps.