Electrolyte Additive Coating for High-Temperature Battery Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries face challenges in achieving high-temperature continuous charging properties and storage characteristics, with existing solutions either compromising capacity or leading to safety issues due to gas generation and electrode deterioration.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating 1,2-dimethoxypropane into the electrolyte solution at specific concentrations, along with a lithium salt and suitable solvents, to form a coating film that inhibits secondary reactions and enhances lithium ion permeability, thereby improving high-temperature performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the capacity is raised by pressing the active material layer of the electrode, then the battery capacity increases, but the uniformity of the active material deteriorates and lithium precipitation occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the electrolyte composition parameters - specifically adding 1,3-propanesultone at 0.01-5 mass% and fluoroethylene carbonate at 0.01-5 mass% to the electrolyte solution. This chemical parameter modification enables the electrode to maintain uniformity and prevent lithium precipitation even when pressed to high capacity densities, thus resolving the contradiction between capacity and uniformity.
2Quantity of substance
If the positive electrode utilization range is broadened to support use at higher potentials, then the battery capacity increases, but the deterioration of the positive electrode accelerates due to reactions with the electrolyte solution
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary anti-action by having 1,3-propanesultone and fluoroethylene carbonate in the electrolyte solution react first to form a stable protective coating film on the positive electrode surface before the electrode undergoes deterioration reactions. This pre-formed film acts as a barrier that prevents harmful reactions between the electrode and electrolyte, enabling high potential operation without accelerated deterioration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses 1,3-propanesultone and fluoroethylene carbonate as intermediary substances that mediate between the positive electrode and the main electrolyte solution. These additives form an intermediate protective layer that allows lithium ion transport while blocking direct contact between the electrode and destabilizing components of the electrolyte, thus enabling high potential operation with improved stability.
3Quantity of substance
If the void space within the battery is reduced to increase capacity, then the battery energy density increases, but the internal pressure increases substantially when gas is generated by electrolyte solution degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful effect of gas generation into a beneficial outcome by using 1,3-propanesultone as a gas suppression agent. This additive preferentially reacts to consume components that would otherwise generate gas, transforming the potential harm of gas generation into the benefit of reduced gas production. The result is that the battery can be densely packed with minimal void space while maintaining low internal pressure even during extended operation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides a nonaqueous electrolyte battery with high capacity and excellent high-temperature storage characteristics, reducing gas generation and maintaining performance under continuous charging conditions.
Implementation Method 1
Incorporating 1,2-dimethoxypropane into the electrolyte solution at specific concentrations, along with a lithium salt and suitable solvents, to form a coating film that inhibits secondary reactions
Implementation Method 2
enhances lithium ion permeability
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
The present invention can provide a nonaqueous electrolyte battery that exhibits excellent high-temperature continuous charging properties and to provide a nonaqueous electrolyte solution that gives such a nonaqueous electrolyte battery. A nonaqueous electrolyte solution comprising a lithium salt and a nonaqueous solvent that dissolves the lithium salt, wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte solution contains from at least 0.01 ppm to not more than 100 ppm of a compound represented by the following general formula (1): R1-CR2OR3-CR22OR3 (1) (in formula (1), R1 and R3 represent an organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and optionally having a substituent; R2 represents hydrogen or an organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and optionally having a substituent; and R1 to R3 may each represent the same group or may each represent different groups).