Lithium Battery Electrolyte Additive for Transition Metal Passivation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Lithium secondary batteries using organic electrolytes with lithium salts face challenges in lifespan characteristics and high-temperature stability due to side reactions between the cathode/anode and the electrolyte.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a specific electrolyte additive represented by Formula 1, which interacts with transition metal ions to cap and deactivate reaction centers, thereby suppressing gas generation and improving cycle life and high-temperature stability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If organic electrolyte with lithium salt is used, then high energy density and fast charging are achieved, but lifespan characteristics and high-temperature stability deteriorate due to side reactions

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveenergy densityVSAvoidlifespan characteristics

Core Design Contradiction:

Use of energy by moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a specific electrolyte additive compound as an intermediary substance that mediates between the electrode and the organic electrolyte. This additive preferentially reacts with transition metal ions to form a stable complex, preventing direct contact and harmful side reactions between the electrode and electrolyte, thereby extending battery lifespan while maintaining high energy density

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the harmful side reactions into a beneficial process by allowing the electrolyte additive to react with transition metal ions that would otherwise cause degradation. This controlled reaction forms a protective complex that stabilizes the electrode-electrolyte interface, transforming the potentially damaging interaction into a protective mechanism that enhances battery reliability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Use of energy by moving object

If organic electrolyte with lithium salt is used, then high energy density is achieved, but high-temperature stability deteriorates due to side reactions

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveenergy densityVSAvoidhigh-temperature stability

Core Design Contradiction:

Use of energy by moving objectVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The electrolyte additive acts as a thermal stabilizer by forming stable complexes with transition metal ions at elevated temperatures. This intermediary compound prevents thermal runaway and maintains electrolyte stability at high temperatures, enabling the battery to maintain its energy density without degradation even under thermal stress

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent modifies the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte system by introducing the additive compound with specific molecular structure and properties. This parameter change alters the reaction kinetics and thermodynamics at the electrode interface, suppressing temperature-dependent side reactions while preserving the high energy density characteristics

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If electrolyte additive is added, then high-temperature stability and cycle life improve, but electrical resistance increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvehigh-temperature stabilityVSAvoidelectrical resistance

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent optimizes the concentration parameter of the electrolyte additive to achieve the right balance. By carefully controlling the amount of additive (typically 0.1-5 wt%), the system achieves sufficient complexation to stabilize high-temperature performance while minimizing the impact on ionic conductivity, thus limiting the increase in electrical resistance to acceptable levels

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The use of the electrolyte additive significantly reduces electrical resistance at high temperatures, enhances cycle characteristics, and improves the overall stability and lifespan of lithium secondary batteries.

Implementation Method 1

the compound of Formula 1 strongly interacts with the transition metal ions of the cathode to completely cap and deactivate the reaction center of the cathode surface

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectComplexation:

Implementation Method 2

An organic electrolyte is prepared by dissolving a lithium salt in an organic solvent

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectIonic conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentUS20250112279A1Electrolyte additive for lithium secondary battery, electrolyte for lithium secondary battery including the same, and lithium secondary battery

Publication Date: 2025.04.03 SAMSUNG SDI CO LTD

AI summary

Provided are an electrolyte additive for lithium secondary battery including a compound represented by Formula 1 below, an electrolyte for lithium secondary battery including the same, and a lithium secondary battery including the electrolyte.wherein, in Formula 1, R1 to R3 are as defined in the detailed description.