Non-Aqueous Electrolyte Additives for Li-Ion Cycle Life and Heat Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries with increased anode film compacted density face reduced cycle life and heat resistance, necessitating improvements in electrolyte formulation to enhance lithium ion diffusion and wettability.
Innovation Solution
A non-aqueous electrolyte comprising lithium salt, organic solvent, and additives such as 1,3,6-hexanetricarbonitrile and vinylene carbonate, with specific weight ratios and proportions, to improve wettability and lithium ion diffusion, thereby enhancing cycle performance and heat resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the compacted density of the anode film is increased to increase energy density, then the energy density of the lithium-ion battery is improved, but the cycle life of the battery is shortened
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by introducing a specific composite additive system containing 1,3-propanesultone (0.5-5 wt%), vinylene carbonate (0.1-2 wt%), and lithium fluoroacetate (0.1-1 wt%). This parameter change in electrolyte formulation modifies the interface chemistry between electrolyte and anode, enabling stable SEI formation that accommodates high compacted density anodes while maintaining long cycle life.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite additive system combining three different chemical compounds (1,3-propanesultone, vinylene carbonate, and lithium fluoroacetate) that work synergistically. Each component contributes different functions: 1,3-propanesultone forms the primary protective film, vinylene carbonate enhances film stability, and lithium fluoroacetate improves ionic conductivity. This composite approach resolves the contradiction between high energy density and long cycle life.
2Quantity of substance
If the compacted density of the anode film is increased, then the energy density is improved, but the heat resistance of the battery is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the thermal stability parameters of the battery system through electrolyte formulation. The composite additives, particularly 1,3-propanesultone and lithium fluoroacetate, create a thermally stable solid electrolyte interface layer that prevents exothermic reactions between the electrolyte and anode material, thereby improving heat resistance while maintaining high energy density.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a protective interface layer formed by the composite additives as an intermediary between the anode material and the bulk electrolyte. This intermediate layer acts as a thermal barrier and chemical buffer, preventing direct contact and potential thermal runaway reactions, thus improving heat resistance without compromising energy density.
3Ease of manufacture
If conventional electrolyte formulations are used with high compacted density anodes, then manufacturing simplicity is maintained, but lithium ion diffusion and wettability are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the electrolyte by adding specific compounds (1,3-propanesultone, vinylene carbonate, and lithium fluoroacetate) that improve lithium ion diffusion kinetics and wettability. These parameter changes enhance the reliability of lithium ion transport in high compacted density anodes while maintaining relatively simple manufacturing processes through direct electrolyte formulation adjustment.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The electrolyte formulation significantly increases the cycle life and high-temperature resistance of lithium-ion batteries, meeting the demands of new energy vehicles and other applications.
Implementation Method 1
the additives include 1,3,6-hexanetricarbonitrile and vinylene carbonate... the compounding, added amount and proportion of the above additives can effectively increase the cycle performance and heat resistance
Implementation Method 2
A non-aqueous electrolyte, which includes a lithium salt, an organic solvent and additives
Implementation Method 3
the organic solvent includes cyclic carbonate and chain carbonates... the compounding and proportion of the organic solvent can effectively increase the cycle performance and heat resistance
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte and a lithium-ion battery. The non- aqueous electrolyte according to the present invention includes a lithium salt, an organic solvant and additives. The percentage by weight of the additives in the non-aqueous electrolyte is 0001% to 10%, the additives include 1,3,6-hexanetricarbonitrile and vinylene carbonate, and the weight ratio of 1,3,6-hexanetricarbonitrile to vinylene carbonate is 1:4 to 19. Under the synergistic effect of 1,3,6-hexanetricarbonitrile and vinylene carbonate, the lithium-ion battery prepared with the non-aqueous electrolyte has better cycle performance and heat resistance.