Electrolyte Composition for Li-Ion Battery Rate Performance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries face challenges in achieving rapid charge-discharge performance and suffer from capacity loss and cycle fading, particularly during high-temperature storage and usage.
Innovation Solution
An electrolyte composition comprising a carboxylate, a barbituric acid compound, and a nitrile compound, along with a carbonate compound containing a silicon functional group, is used to enhance the rate performance and stability of lithium-ion batteries, forming a stable protection film and preventing side reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If conventional electrolyte compositions are used, then basic battery function is maintained, but rapid charge-discharge performance is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by introducing carboxylate, barbituric acid compound, and nitrile compound with specific molecular structures and concentration ratios, which fundamentally alters the electrolyte's interaction with electrode surfaces to enable faster ion transport while maintaining capacity retention
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte system combining multiple functional components (carboxylate as main solvent, barbituric acid compound for SEI formation, nitrile compound for stability) that work synergistically to achieve both rapid charge-discharge performance and reliable capacity retention
2Temperature
If high-temperature storage is performed, then battery remains operational, but capacity loss and gas generation increase
Solution Approach 1:
The barbituric acid compound and nitrile compound proactively form a stable protective film on the electrode surfaces before thermal degradation can occur, preventing harmful side reactions and gas generation during high-temperature storage and cycling
Solution Approach 2:
The carboxylate acts as an intermediary substance that mediates between the electrode and electrolyte at high temperatures, forming a protective interface layer that prevents direct contact and harmful reactions between the electrode and bulk electrolyte
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The electrolyte composition significantly improves the rate performance, capacity retention, and high-temperature storage performance of lithium-ion batteries, reducing irreversible capacity loss and gas generation, while maintaining chemical and thermal stability.
Implementation Method 1
forming a stable protection film and preventing side reactions
Implementation Method 2
Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in wearable devices, smart phones, unmanned aerial vehicles, electric vehicles
Data Source
AI summary
The present application provides an electrolyte and an electrochemical device. The electrolyte according to the present application comprises a carboxylate, a barbituric acid compound and a nitrile compound. Adding a barbituric acid compound and a nitrile compound of particular structure to an electrolyte containing a carboxylate solvent can significantly improve the rate performance of an electrochemical device, and mitigate capacity loss after storage at room temperature, and cycle fading and gas generation at high-temperature of the electrochemical device.