Electrolyte Composition for Low-Temperature, Low-Resistance Power Storage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electrolyte solutions for power storage devices face issues with high resistance at low temperatures and potential safety hazards due to the generation of toxic gases during accidents, limiting their application.
Innovation Solution
An electrolyte solution comprising a nonaqueous solvent containing a first compound with 11 or less heavy atoms and one or more cyclopropane rings or aziridine rings, which reduces viscosity and eliminates the risk of toxic gas generation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If propylene carbonate is used as an organic solvent in the electrolyte solution, then the device can operate stably over a wide temperature range, but the resistance value becomes high especially at low temperatures due to its viscosity of 2.5 mPa's
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical-chemical parameters of the electrolyte solution by introducing a new solvent component (acetonitrile) with different viscosity characteristics. This modifies the overall viscosity and resistance parameters of the electrolyte solution while maintaining operational stability through the combined effect of multiple solvents.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte solution by combining propylene carbonate with acetonitrile and a quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte. This composite formulation leverages the operational stability of propylene carbonate while utilizing the low-viscosity properties of acetonitrile to reduce resistance at low temperatures.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If acetonitrile is used as an organic solvent in the electrolyte solution, then the resistance value remains low especially at low temperatures due to its viscosity of 0.34 mPa's, but hydrocyanic acid gas may be generated due to combustion and the like in the event of an accident
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses acetonitrile as an intermediary component in the electrolyte solution that provides the desired low resistance and low viscosity properties. The quaternary ammonium salt acts as another intermediary that enables ionic conduction while the combination of these intermediaries avoids the direct use of highly hazardous substances, thereby reducing toxic gas generation risks while maintaining electrical performance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides power storage devices with low resistance and excellent electrical conductivity, especially at low temperatures, while ensuring safety by preventing toxic gas emission.
Implementation Method 1
the viscosity of which at room temperature is as low as 0.34 mPa's, and has a feature of being able to reduce the resistance value of the device, especially at low temperatures
Implementation Method 2
there is possibility of hydrocyanic acid gas to be generated due to combustion and the like in the event of an accident. The utilization thereof is therefore limited for safety reasons
Data Source
AI summary
A power storage device is constituted using an electrolyte solution including a nonaqueous solvent, and an electrolyte dissolved in the nonaqueous solvent. The nonaqueous solvent contains a first compound having 11 or less heavy atoms and having one or more cyclopropane rings or aziridine rings. This can provide a power storage device that can exhibit excellent electrical characteristics with low resistance especially at low temperatures.