Rechargeable Lithium Battery Electrolyte for Metal Elution Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Rechargeable lithium batteries face challenges with increased resistance and reduced lifetime due to side reactions and elution of transition metals, especially at high temperatures, leading to reduced capacity and stability issues.
Innovation Solution
Incorporation of a specific electrolyte composition comprising a non-aqueous organic solvent, lithium salt, and additives represented by Chemical Formulas 1 and 2, which include isocyanate groups, to stabilize the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) and control moisture, reducing side reactions and metal elution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional electrolyte composition is used, then battery capacity is achieved, but resistance increases and lifetime is reduced due to side reactions and metal elution at high temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a mediator substance (specific additive compound with formula (1)) that intervenes between the electrolyte and electrode materials to prevent harmful interactions. This additive acts as a protective intermediary that suppresses side reactions and metal elution, thereby reducing resistance increase and improving battery lifetime without compromising capacity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by incorporating a specific additive compound with formula (1) at optimized concentrations. This parameter change transforms the electrolyte's chemical properties to enhance stability at high temperatures, suppressing resistance increase while maintaining operational capacity
2Use of energy by moving object
If high-nickel and lithium iron phosphate-based active materials are used, then energy density is improved, but side reactions and metal elution increase at high temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The additive compound with formula (1) serves as a protective intermediary layer between the high-nickel/lithium iron phosphate active materials and the electrolyte. This mediator prevents direct harmful interactions, suppressing side reactions and metal elution that would otherwise occur with these high-energy-density materials at elevated temperatures
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potentially harmful high reactivity of high-nickel and lithium iron phosphate materials into a benefit by using the additive to control and direct the reactions. The additive transforms the uncontrolled side reactions and metal elution into controlled processes that enhance overall battery stability while maintaining high energy density
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The electrolyte composition effectively suppresses resistance increase and enhances battery lifetime by stabilizing the SEI, preventing lithium dendrite formation, and maintaining capacity, particularly with high-nickel and lithium iron phosphate-based active materials.
Implementation Method 1
Incorporation of a specific electrolyte composition comprising a non-aqueous organic solvent, lithium salt, and additives represented by Chemical Formulas 1 and 2, which include isocyanate groups, to stabilize the solid electrolyte interface (SEI)
Implementation Method 2
Incorporation of a specific electrolyte composition comprising a non-aqueous organic solvent, lithium salt, and additives represented by Chemical Formulas 1 and 2, which include isocyanate groups, to stabilize the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) and control moisture
Implementation Method 3
the positive and negative electrodes include an active material in which intercalation and deintercalation are possible, and generates electrical energy caused by oxidation and reduction reactions when lithium ions are intercalated and deintercalated
Implementation Method 4
generates electrical energy caused by oxidation and reduction reactions when lithium ions are intercalated and deintercalated
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are electrolyte, electrolyte additives, and rechargeable lithium batteries. The electrolyte comprises a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt, and an additive. The additive includes a first compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a second compound represented by Chemical Formula 2. A detailed description of Chemical Formulae 1 and 2 is provided in this disclosure.