Aqueous Electrolyte Resistivity Reduction via Gas Purging
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Solution Overview
Problem
The internal resistance of electric double-layer capacitors is not adequately reduced, limiting their charging and discharging rates, with insufficient focus on the electrolyte's role in this resistance.
Innovation Solution
An aqueous electrolyte solution with a LiNO3 to LiOH molar ratio of 1:9 to 9:1 is prepared and purged with nitrogen or oxygen to adjust oxygen content, reducing resistivity by purging at a flow rate of 0.8-1.2 L/min for 5-40 minutes, achieving Li+ concentrations of 1-5 M and oxygen levels below 2 ppm or above 20 ppm.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional electrolytes are used in electric double-layer capacitors, then the capacitor can operate, but the internal resistance remains high which limits charging and discharging rates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by using specific ratios of LiNO3 and LiOH (1:9 to 9:1 molar ratio), and controls the oxygen content through gas purging to achieve optimal conductivity and reduce internal resistance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte system combining LiNO3 and LiOH in specific proportions, forming a synergistic mixture that achieves lower resistivity than individual components alone
2Productivity
If the electrolyte composition is optimized to reduce resistivity, then charging and discharging rates improve, but the electrolyte preparation process becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs gas purging (nitrogen or oxygen) during the electrolyte preparation process to remove dissolved gases that could increase resistivity, and pre-establishes the correct LiNO3:LiOH ratio before final assembly
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses nitrogen gas purging to create an inert atmosphere during electrolyte preparation, preventing oxidation and gas dissolution that would increase resistivity, while still allowing controlled oxygen content for optimal performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method decreases the electrolyte's resistivity, thereby reducing the internal resistance of electric double-layer capacitors, enhancing their charging and discharging rates and increasing the 1 sec maximum peak current.
Implementation Method 1
purged with a gas having a flow rate of 0.8-1.2 L/min for 5-40 minutes. The gas above is nitrogen or oxygen
Implementation Method 2
When a potential difference is applied across the electrodes, cations in the electrolyte move toward the negative electrode whereas the anions in the electrolyte move toward the positive electrode and thereby forms an ionic current
Data Source
AI summary
A method for decreasing resistivity of an electrolyte for an electric double-layer capacitor is provided. In this method, an aqueous electrolyte solution comprising LiNO3 and LiOH in a molar ratio of 1:9 to 9:1 is prepared first, and then purged with nitrogen or oxygen. An electric double-layer capacitor having the gas-purging aqueous electrolyte solution above is also provided.