Electrolyzer Rectifier Control for Instantaneous Grid Reserve

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Solution Overview

Problem

Renewable energy sources and energy storage systems lack the capability to provide instantaneous reserve due to the absence of large rotating masses, posing a challenge for integrating large electrolyzers into existing electrical grids.

Innovation Solution

A power system architecture that includes a DC current control circuit with droop control, allowing direct transmission of active power data from the energy source to rectifier units, enabling instantaneous alignment of reference DC current with frequency, thereby triggering rectifier units for almost instantaneous reaction.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If renewable energy sources and energy storage systems are used to replace conventional thermal power plants, then environmental sustainability and energy transition are improved, but the capability to provide instantaneous reserve deteriorates due to lack of rotating masses

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinstantaneous reserve capabilityVSAvoidintegration capability of renewable energy sources
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical rotating mass system of conventional thermal power plants with an electronic control system. The DC current control circuit with droop control directly transmits active power data from the energy source to determine firing pulses, substituting the mechanical inertia-based frequency regulation with an electronic control mechanism that achieves instantaneous reserve capability without requiring rotating masses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a DC current control circuit with droop control as an intermediary between the renewable energy source and the grid. This control circuit processes active power data and generates firing pulses for rectifier units, acting as a mediator that enables renewable energy sources to provide instantaneous reserve capability that would otherwise require mechanical rotating masses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Productivity

If large electrolyzers are integrated into existing electrical grids, then hydrogen production capacity is improved, but the requirement for instantaneous reserve creates technical challenges

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehydrogen production capacityVSAvoidinstantaneous reserve requirement
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the DC current control circuit continuously receives active power data from the energy source and adjusts firing pulses accordingly. This feedback loop enables the system to respond instantaneously to grid conditions, allowing large electrolyzers to be integrated into existing grids while meeting instantaneous reserve requirements through real-time power adjustment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces dynamic control through the droop control mechanism in the DC current control circuit. This dynamic system continuously adapts the firing pulses based on active power data, enabling the electrolyzer system to provide instantaneous reserve capability while maintaining high hydrogen production capacity, thus resolving the contradiction between productivity and reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Object-generated harmful factors

If conventional thermal power plants are replaced by renewable energy sources, then environmental sustainability is improved, but the intrinsic undelayed power reserve of rotating masses is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenvironmental impactVSAvoidpower reserve
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical rotating mass system of conventional thermal power plants with an electronic control system. The DC current control circuit with droop control directly transmits active power data from the energy source to determine firing pulses, substituting the mechanical inertia-based frequency regulation with an electronic control mechanism that achieves instantaneous reserve capability without requiring rotating masses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system achieves instantaneous reserve capabilities, synchronizing power supply with the grid almost instantaneously, facilitating the integration of renewable energy sources and electrolyzers into existing grids.

Implementation Method 1

a rectifier unit connected to the transformer unit at an AC side and operable to convert the alternating current electrical power to a direct current (DC) electrical power

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRectification: Diode

Implementation Method 2

a transformer unit connected to the bus and operable to transform the alternating current electrical power from a voltage input to a voltage output

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP4686033A1Power plant having electrolyzers with instantaneous reserve
Publication Date: 2026.01.28 SIEMENS ENERGY GLOBAL GMBH & CO KG
  • EP4686033A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4686033A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4686033A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A power system (100) includes a bus (104) connected to an energy source (102) to transfer an alternating current electrical power from the energy source (102), a transformer unit (112) connected to the bus (104) to transform the alternating current electrical power from a voltage input to a voltage output, a rectifier unit (114) connected to the transformer unit (112) to convert the alternating current electrical power to a direct current electrical power, an electrical load (120) connected to the rectifier unit (114) to consume the direct current electrical power, a DC current control circuit (206) connected to the rectifier unit (114) to determine a firing pulse to the rectifier unit (114) to control the direct current electrical power provided to the electrical load (120), and an energy source data connection (210) connecting the DC current control circuit (206) to the energy source (102) to directly transmit an active power data from the energy source (102) to the DC current control circuit (206) to determine the firing pulse.