Electromagnetic Phase Retrieval Using Random Spatial Frequency Patterns
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional electromagnetic wave phase/amplitude generation devices suffer from a low signal-to-noise ratio and high invasiveness to imaging objects due to the weakening of electromagnetic waves by scattering plates, which affects the imaging process.
Innovation Solution
An electromagnetic wave phase/amplitude generation device that uses a radiation unit to radiate electromagnetic waves with a random spatial frequency pattern, an imaging unit to capture scattered waves, and a generation unit to perform arithmetic sparsity constraint operations on the captured images to generate phase and amplitude information, thereby enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio and reducing invasiveness.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a scattering plate is used to generate complex amplitude information, then phase and amplitude can be obtained in one imaging process, but the electromagnetic waves are weakened and the signal-to-noise ratio decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the scattering plate from the imaging system and extracts only the necessary function of generating complex amplitude information through computational methods. The generation unit performs arithmetic operations on captured intensity images to calculate phase and amplitude without physically scattering the electromagnetic waves, thereby maintaining signal strength while achieving the measurement objective.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/optical scattering plate with a computational processing system. Instead of using physical scattering to encode phase information, the system captures intensity images and uses generation units to computationally derive complex amplitude information, substituting a mechanical scattering mechanism with an information processing approach.
2Reliability
If the electromagnetic waves are strengthened to compensate for the weakening by the scattering plate, then the signal-to-noise ratio improves, but the invasiveness to the imaging object increases and the object is adversely affected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent eliminates the scattering plate that caused signal weakening, thereby removing the need to compensate by strengthening electromagnetic waves. The system directly captures scattered light at natural intensity levels and computationally generates complex amplitude information, avoiding both the signal weakening and the harmful compensatory strengthening that increases invasiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a computational model (complex amplitude information) that replicates the effects of scattering plate-based imaging without using the physical scattering plate. The generation unit calculates phase and amplitude values that represent what would be observed with a scattering plate, but using non-invasive direct imaging followed by computational processing.
3Measurement precision
If a scattering plate is used, then complex amplitude information can be generated, but the device complexity increases due to the additional component
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the scattering plate component from the imaging system entirely, extracting only the essential function of generating complex amplitude information. This is achieved by using the imaging unit to capture intensity images and the generation unit to computationally derive phase and amplitude, eliminating the need for the scattering plate and reducing device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent substitutes the mechanical scattering plate component with an information processing system. The generation unit performs computational operations on captured images to generate complex amplitude information, replacing a physical optical component with a software-based processing approach that reduces hardware complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves a high signal-to-noise ratio and low invasiveness to imaging objects by directly detecting scattered light using an imaging element, allowing for the generation of complex amplitude information without damaging the imaging object and enabling the calculation of quantitative information such as thickness distribution and refractive index.
Implementation Method 1
a radiation unit that radiates electromagnetic waves of a random radiation pattern on a spatial frequency
Implementation Method 2
scattered electromagnetic waves that are electromagnetic waves generated when the imaging object scatters the electromagnetic waves of the radiation pattern
Data Source
AI summary
An electromagnetic wave phase/amplitude generation device includes a radiation unit configured to radiate electromagnetic waves of a random radiation pattern on a spatial frequency in which a state of the electromagnetic waves to be radiated for each divided region is determined to an imaging object, an imaging unit configured to generate a captured image by imaging scattered electromagnetic waves that are electromagnetic waves generated when the imaging object scatters the electromagnetic waves of the radiation pattern radiated by the radiation unit, and a generation unit configured to generate information indicating at least a phase and amplitude of the electromagnetic waves from the imaging object by performing an arithmetic sparsity constraint operation according to sparsity of the imaging object on the basis of the captured image generated by the imaging unit, information indicating the radiation pattern, and information indicating a signal of the imaging object.