Electromagnetic Valve Fluid Chamber Cavitation Erosion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional electromagnetic valves in high pressure pumps are susceptible to erosion due to cavitation between the movable core and stator core, leading to increased response time and contamination of fuel with foreign materials.
Innovation Solution
The electromagnetic valve incorporates a movable core with through holes and a fluid chamber in the valve stem, guiding air bubbles generated by pressure fluctuations into the fluid chamber where they collapse, reducing erosion, and using a valve stem made of high-hardness material to minimize fatigue and erosion on the inner wall.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If the movable core and stator core are made of soft magnetic material, then the electromagnetic valve can be manufactured with ease and lower cost, but the surfaces of the movable core and stator core are easily eroded by cavitation
Solution Approach 1:
The valve stem is segmented into multiple functional zones: a through-hole portion for fluid passage, a fluid chamber for bubble collapse, and an enlarged-diameter portion for structural support. This segmentation allows each zone to be optimized for its specific function, with the fluid chamber specifically designed to protect against cavitation erosion.
Solution Approach 2:
The fluid chamber acts as an intermediary structure between the movable core and the suction valve. It captures and collapses air bubbles before they can reach and erode the soft magnetic surfaces of the movable core and stator core, thereby protecting these components while maintaining their manufacturability.
2Ease of operation
If the movable core reciprocates in the core chamber, then the electromagnetic valve can control the suction valve operation, but cavitation occurs between the movable core and stator core causing surface erosion
Solution Approach 1:
The invention converts the harmful cavitation effect into a beneficial one by directing air bubbles into the fluid chamber where they collapse in a controlled manner. The fluid chamber transforms the destructive cavitation that would erode the movable core and stator core into a harmless bubble collapse process that actually helps protect these components.
Solution Approach 2:
The fluid chamber extracts air bubbles from the fluid stream between the movable core and stator core. By removing bubbles from the high-velocity flow path, the invention prevents them from causing erosion on the movable core and stator core surfaces while maintaining the reciprocating motion necessary for valve control.
3Reliability
If the gap between the movable core and stator core becomes larger due to erosion, then the electromagnetic valve structure can accommodate wear, but the response time of the movable core increases
Solution Approach 1:
The fluid chamber provides beforehand cushioning by capturing and collapsing air bubbles before they can erode the movable core and stator core. This preventive measure maintains the original gap dimensions between these components, ensuring that the electromagnetic valve's response time remains fast throughout its service life.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention applies preliminary anti-action by using the fluid chamber to counteract cavitation erosion before it can occur on the movable core and stator core. By collapsing bubbles in advance within the fluid chamber, the system prevents the gap enlargement that would otherwise increase response time.
4Duration of action of stationary object
If foreign materials from erosion are mixed with fuel, then the pump can continue operating, but the high pressure pump operation is hindered
Solution Approach 1:
The fluid chamber converts the harmful effect of cavitation-generated foreign materials into a beneficial filtration mechanism. By collapsing bubbles within the fluid chamber, the invention prevents erosion debris from entering the fuel stream, thereby maintaining fuel quality and pump performance over extended operation periods.
Solution Approach 2:
The fluid chamber serves as an intermediary barrier between the cavitation zone and the fuel flow path. It captures and collapses air bubbles before they can generate foreign materials that would contaminate the fuel and hinder pump operation, thus protecting the overall system reliability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances the durability of the electromagnetic valve and high pressure pump by suppressing cavitation-induced erosion and maintaining efficient operation by collapsing air bubbles within the fluid chamber, thereby reducing contamination and maintaining fuel quality.
Implementation Method 1
When the movable core is magnetically attracted toward a stator core, the valve stem releases pressure force against the suction valve
Implementation Method 2
air bubbles generate in the liquid. The air bubbles are guided deep to an inner side of the fluid chamber by flow of the liquid flowing into the fluid chamber through the gap from the through hole of the movable core. Simultaneously, the fuel in the fluid chamber is pressurized, and thus the air bubbles are collapsed at the inner side of the fluid chamber
Data Source
AI summary
An electromagnetic body has a movable core reciprocatably movable within a movable core chamber. The movable core has through holes and a fitting hole that pass through the movable core in a direction of movement of the movable core. A stator core facing the movable core defines the movable core chamber together with the electromagnetic body. A valve stem is fixed into the fitting hole and has a fluid chamber recessed from a first end surface facing the stator core. Air bubbles generated in a gap can be guided into the fluid chamber and collapse by flow of the fuel flowing into the fluid chamber from the through holes through the gap.