Electromyographic Vision Modification for Presbyopia
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Solution Overview
Problem
Presbyopia, a condition where the human eye loses its ability to accommodate for near vision due to progressive loss of lens elasticity, is not effectively addressed by conventional solutions like reading glasses or bifocal lenses, and existing treatments for vision impairments such as cataracts often require invasive surgeries and replacements.
Innovation Solution
The development of adjustable vision modification systems and devices that utilize electromyographic sensing and electro-active intraocular lenses (IOLs) to mimic the ciliary muscle's action, allowing for active accommodation and focus adjustment through sensors and actuators integrated into the eye or external devices.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If conventional fixed variance glasses are used to correct presbyopia, then vision at different distances is improved, but the device lacks adaptability and requires separate glasses for different viewing distances
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by implementing an adjustable intraocular lens system that can dynamically change its optical power in real-time based on the user's viewing distance requirements. The lens transitions from a static fixed-power design to a dynamic variable-power system controlled by ciliary muscle sensors, allowing a single implant to replace multiple fixed-variance glasses and provide continuous accommodation across different distances.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs self-service through automatic detection of ciliary muscle signals and autonomous adjustment of lens power without requiring user intervention. The implanted sensor detects natural ciliary muscle contractions and automatically triggers the appropriate optical power change, eliminating the need for the user to manually switch between different glasses or adjust settings.
2Reliability
If invasive surgeries like cataract replacement with conventional IOL are performed, then vision impairment from cataracts is treated, but the loss of natural accommodation capability is permanent
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary system between the ciliary muscle and the intraocular lens. This intermediary comprises sensors that detect ciliary muscle contraction signals and a control mechanism that translates these biological signals into appropriate lens power adjustments. This intermediary layer restores the accommodation function by mediating between the muscle's natural movements and the lens's optical response, enabling the artificial lens to mimic natural accommodation.
Solution Approach 2:
The system replaces the mechanical elasticity-based accommodation mechanism (which fails in presbyopia and cataracts) with an electromechanical or piezoelectric actuation system. Instead of relying on the natural lens's elastic deformation, the patent uses controlled mechanical or electro-optical mechanisms to adjust lens curvature and power, substituting the failed biological mechanical system with an engineered alternative that preserves accommodation functionality.
3Device complexity
If the ciliary muscle's natural accommodation mechanism is relied upon, then the system is simple and natural, but it fails in presbyopia due to lens elasticity loss
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by monitoring physiological parameters (ciliary muscle contraction signals) and dynamically adjusting optical parameters (lens power, curvature) in response. When the natural lens elasticity parameter degrades beyond a certain threshold, the system detects this through failed accommodation attempts and switches to an alternative mechanism, changing the operational parameters from passive elastic deformation to active controlled adjustment.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These systems enable real-time focus adjustments, enhancing vision for individuals with presbyopia and other vision impairments by mimicking the natural accommodation process, potentially reducing the need for invasive surgeries and providing more precise vision correction.
Implementation Method 1
electromyographic sensing and vision modification
Implementation Method 2
electro-active intraocular lenses (IOLs) to mimic the ciliary muscle's action
Data Source
AI summary
Adjustable vision modification using various systems, devices, and processes are provided. Adjustable vision modification may include sensing ocular related physiological activities of a user and making adjustments in an ocular device or ocular system to change the vision of the user. Various sensors and sensor locations may be employed in embodiments to sense or otherwise obtain these physiological activities. Likewise, various ocular devices, ocular processes, and ocular systems may be employed for improving vision.