Electron Emitter Nanorod Coating Uniformity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for producing electron emitters with carbon nanotubes face challenges in achieving uniformity and thermal stability without the use of magnetic fields, and often result in irregularly structured coatings with varying electrical surface resistance and insufficient temperature resistance for technical applications.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the application of nanorods, particularly carbon nanotubes, via an inorganic and electrically conductive adhesive layer, followed by a liquid polymer blend and curing to form an elastomer film, which is then peeled off to align the nanotubes upright, ensuring a uniform and thermally stable coating with controlled electrical conductivity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If chemical vapor deposition is used to apply carbon nanotubes, then carbon nanotubes can be deposited on the substrate, but the process is technically complex, does not work on every substrate surface, and does not lead to uniform deposits

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveuniformity of carbon nanotube depositVSAvoidcomplexity of chemical vapor deposition process
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the complex chemical vapor deposition process with a simple mechanical application method. A paste containing carbon nanotubes, binder, and solvent is applied to the substrate using conventional techniques such as screen printing, stamping, or coating, eliminating the need for complex CVD equipment and process control while achieving uniform deposits

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the physical state and composition parameters by using a paste formulation with specific binder and solvent ratios. This allows the carbon nanotubes to be suspended and applied uniformly, then cured to form a stable coating, achieving uniformity without complex deposition processes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If carbon nanotubes are applied in individual matrix elements, then electrical conductivity can be improved, but the production process becomes expensive and the matrix elements are too brittle with high carbon nanotube content

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical surface resistance uniformityVSAvoidmanufacturing cost and complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent achieves homogeneous distribution of carbon nanotubes throughout a continuous coating layer rather than in discrete matrix elements. The paste formulation ensures uniform dispersion, and the curing process creates a homogeneous structure that is both electrically conductive and mechanically robust

Inventive Principle:
Principle #33Homogeneity

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite material system combining carbon nanotubes with a cured binder matrix. This composite structure provides both the electrical conductivity needed for electron emission and the mechanical strength to avoid brittleness, eliminating the need for expensive separate matrix element production

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Reliability

If carbon nanotubes are arranged vertically on the surface, then electron emission performance is improved, but achieving this arrangement requires complex processes or magnetic fields

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectron emission performanceVSAvoidcomplexity of alignment process
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by formulating the paste with carbon nanotubes that have a preferred orientation tendency before application. The application process itself, combined with curing, establishes the vertical alignment without requiring subsequent complex alignment steps or magnetic field application

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces complex magnetic field-based alignment methods with a simple mechanical application and curing process. The paste application method and curing conditions are optimized to naturally promote vertical orientation of carbon nanotubes, achieving high emission performance without expensive alignment equipment

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Temperature

If the coating is made temperature-resistant for technical applications, then the electron emitter can operate at high temperatures, but existing methods do not achieve sufficient temperature resistance above 600°C

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature resistance of coatingVSAvoiduniformity and stability of coating structure
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the thermal stability parameter by selecting binder materials and curing conditions that produce a coating capable of withstanding temperatures above 600°C. The cured binder forms a thermally stable matrix that maintains the structural integrity and uniformity of the carbon nanotube coating at high operating temperatures

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method produces electron emitters with a high number of upright carbon nanotubes per unit area, achieving a consistent electrical surface resistance and temperature resistance above 600°C, enhancing emission performance and longevity by minimizing hot spots and arcing.

Implementation Method 1

via an inorganic and electrically conductive adhesive layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdhesion: Adhesive

Implementation Method 2

followed by a liquid polymer blend and curing to form an elastomer film

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCuring: Photopolymerisation

Implementation Method 3

which is then peeled off to align the nanotubes upright

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical force: Mechanical Force

Data Source

PatentEP3538482B1Method for producing an electron emitter coated with a nanorod-containing coating
Publication Date: 2022.12.28 CETTEEN GMBH
  • EP3538482B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3538482B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3538482B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for producing an electron emitter (1) a component surface (3) of which is coated with a coating (2) that contains nanorods (4, 7), in particular carbon nanotubes. According to said method, an elastomer film is applied and is then peeled off to obtain a surface from which carbon nanotubes (7) with an upright orientation project upward from an inorganic and electrically conductive adhesive layer (5). In particular, an overall coating region of the electron emitter (1) has an average number (n) of carbon nanotubes (7) with a predominantly upright orientation that project upward from the electrically conductive adhesive layer (5), the number of nanotubes (7) with a predominantly upright orientation per mm2 protruding from the adhesive layer deviating from the average value (n) by not more than 25% for each partial coating region of a size of at least 108 mm2.