Gas-Discharge Electron Gun With Double-Turn Beam Guide
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-voltage glow discharge electron beam guns used in electrometallurgy suffer from gas and metal atoms penetrating into the processing chamber from the gun's structural elements, contaminating the melt alloy or purified metal.
Innovation Solution
A gas-discharge electron beam gun with a beam guide featuring two bends that divide it into three parts, ensuring the electron beam takes a double turn before reaching the processing chamber, preventing direct passage of gas and metal atoms from the gun's structural elements into the chamber.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If the electron beam gun is placed on the same vertical axis as the melting crucible to enable electromagnetic stirring, then the electron beam can be properly positioned over the heating zone, but the structural elements of the gun become susceptible to gases, metal vapours, and thermal radiation, leading to contamination of the melt
Solution Approach 1:
The beam guide is divided into three separate parts: a first part attached to the gun casing, a second intermediate part with bends, and a third part that can be hermetically attached to the processing chamber. This segmentation creates physical separation between the gun's cathode-anode area and the processing chamber, preventing contamination while maintaining beam positioning accuracy through coordinated focusing and turning coils in each segment
Solution Approach 2:
The beam guide with its intermediate second part acts as a mediator between the gun and processing chamber. The beam guide's bends and turning coils redirect the electron beam path without requiring direct alignment, allowing the gun to be positioned correctly while preventing gas and metal atom penetration into the chamber
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design effectively excludes the intrusion of metal atoms from the gun's structural elements into the processing chamber, ensuring high-purity metals and alloys by redirecting the electron beam to maintain its path and prevent contamination.
Implementation Method 1
High-voltage glow discharge guns... operation is based on the use of electrical discharge between cold electrodes in low-pressure gas medium
Implementation Method 2
a flow of electrons forms as a result of the bombing of the cathode surface with positively charged ions that emerge due to accelerating and recharging of ions in the potential's cathode fall space
Implementation Method 3
beam guide with beam focusing and deflection systems on its way into the processing chamber
Implementation Method 4
designed for melting and casting of metals and alloys for various purposes, especially for conducting the process with electromagnetic stirring (EMS) of the melt
Implementation Method 5
coaxial hollow anode with a bottom part designed in the shape of a plate with channels for cooling water
Implementation Method 6
channels for cooling water... linked between each other forming a single system
Implementation Method 7
The resulting beam of electrons enters the processing chamber heading to the heated surface
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
The invention relates to electronic equipment, more specifically - to development of gas-discharge electron guns for processing applications and can be used in special electrometallurgy for equipping high-capacity electron beam melting facilities, designed for melting and casting of metals and alloys for various purposes, especially for conducting the process with electromagnetic stirring (EMS) of the melt both for alloy smelting and forming of ingots or cast billets. The advantage of the proposed gun lies in a guaranteed exclusion of the possible intrusion of the atoms of metal of the gun's structural elements into the processing chamber thanks to the double turn of the electron beam in the beam guide. This will ensure obtaining high-purity metals and/or alloys.