Electronic Circuit Breaker Lockout for Authorized Re-Energization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing circuit interrupters lack an efficient and secure method for preventing unauthorized energization during maintenance or servicing, relying on physical keys that can be compromised.
Innovation Solution
The development of a circuit interrupter with an electronically activatable lock-out lock that uses virtual and/or electronic keys, allowing only authorized users to remove the lock-out state and prevent unauthorized energization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If physical keyed locks are used for lock out tag out, then the circuit interrupter can be locked in an open position, but the system is vulnerable to compromise and unauthorized access
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical keyed lock system with an electronic control system. The electronic lockout lock (28) is actuated by an electronic key (225) through a transceiver and processor, eliminating the need for physical keys and mechanical locking mechanisms. This substitution enhances security by using electronic verification methods while reducing the complexity of physical locking components.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses electronic copies of keys (digital keys) instead of unique physical keys. Multiple electronic keys can be generated and distributed, each containing the necessary authorization data. This allows the same locking mechanism to be controlled by multiple authorized users without requiring multiple physical key variants, improving both security and ease of operation.
2Device complexity
If physical keys are used for lock out tag out, then the locking mechanism is simple, but the keys can be compromised and accessed by unauthorized users
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the simple mechanical key system with an electronic control system that maintains simplicity in operation while dramatically reducing unauthorized access risk. The electronic key (225) communicates with the transceiver (32t) and processor (30) to verify authorization before actuating the lockout lock (28), eliminating the security vulnerabilities inherent in physical key systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The electronic system incorporates feedback mechanisms where the processor (30) verifies the electronic key (225) and provides confirmation of authorized access. The system can display status information and require proper authentication sequences, creating multiple layers of verification that prevent unauthorized access while maintaining a simple user interface for authorized operations.
3Reliability
If electronic lock out systems are implemented, then unauthorized energization is prevented through verification, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The electronic control system integrates multiple functions into a single unified mechanism. The processor (30) handles key verification, lockout control, and status monitoring. The lockout lock (28) serves both as a mechanical barrier and an electronic-controlled safety device. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate components, managing complexity while enhancing reliability for preventing unauthorized energization.
4Adaptability or versatility
If physical keyed interlocks are used, then the lock out state can be established, but the system lacks flexibility for different users and scenarios
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables multiple electronic keys (225) to be generated and distributed to different authorized users. Each electronic key contains the necessary authorization data to control the lockout lock (28). This allows flexible assignment of access rights to multiple users without requiring multiple physical key variants, maintaining ease of operation while dramatically improving adaptability for different users and scenarios.
Solution Approach 2:
The electronic system allows dynamic assignment and revocation of access rights. Authorized users can be added or removed from the system by distributing or revoking electronic keys through the transceiver (32t) and processor (30). This dynamic capability provides versatility for different users and scenarios while maintaining simple operation through consistent electronic key interfaces.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution provides a secure and efficient means to prevent unauthorized energization by ensuring that only the user who initiated the lock-out state can remove it, using electronic verification and digital keys.
Implementation Method 1
The lock can comprise a lock solenoid that is spaced apart from a primary trip solenoid
Implementation Method 2
In the event of an overcurrent condition (e.g., a short circuit), extremely high electromagnetic forces can be generated. The electromagnetic forces can be used to separate the movable contact from the stationary contact. Upon separation of the contacts and blowing open the circuit, an arcing condition occurs. Arc chutes can be used to direct an arc away from the electrical contacts into the arc chute.
Data Source
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AI summary
Circuit breakers with a housing with a line side and a load side and an electronically controlled lock-out lock member coupled to the housing configured to electronically controllably travel between a first position and a second position. In the second position, the lock member is in a lock-out position and prevents the handle from moving to an ON position associated with electrical current conduction and in the first position the lock member is translated to a position that allows the handle to move to the ON position.