Electronic Torque Realization Apparatus Using Electromagnetic Calibration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing torque measurement systems face challenges in achieving high accuracy at low torque values, particularly below 0.01 N m, due to the difficulty in handling small mass artifacts required for calibration.
Innovation Solution
A self-calibrating apparatus that realizes torque via electrical standards using a system of permanent magnets and electromagnetic coils, allowing for the generation of high accuracy torques without the need for traditional masses and levers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If deadweight torque machines are used for calibration, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates due to difficulty in handling small mass artifacts
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical deadweight calibration system with an electromagnetic torque generation system. Instead of using physical masses and lever arms, the invention uses electromagnetic coils and permanent magnets to generate calibrated torque fields. This substitution eliminates the need to handle small mass artifacts while maintaining high measurement precision through electromagnetic force generation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an electromagnetic field as an intermediary between the calibration standard and the torque measurement system. The electromagnetic coils generate a magnetic field that interacts with permanent magnets to produce torque, serving as a mediator that transfers the calibration standard without requiring direct mechanical contact with small masses.
2Reliability
If traditional mass artifacts are used for torque calibration, then reliability is improved, but device complexity increases due to the need for precise mechanical assemblies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical assemblies with electromagnetic components. Instead of requiring precise mechanical linkages, lever arms, and mass positioning mechanisms, the invention uses electromagnetic coils and magnetic fields to generate torque. This reduces device complexity while maintaining calibration reliability through the well-established physics of electromagnetic interaction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter used for torque generation from mechanical mass to electromagnetic field strength. By controlling electrical current and magnetic field parameters rather than physical mass, the system achieves reliable torque calibration with simpler device architecture.
3Ease of operation
If electromagnetic torque realization is implemented, then ease of operation is improved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase for magnetic components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback control where the actual torque generated by the electromagnetic interaction is measured and used to adjust the system. This feedback mechanism compensates for variations in magnetic component manufacturing precision, allowing easy operation while maintaining accurate torque realization despite tolerances in magnetic component fabrication.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus achieves a relative uncertainty of about 0.1% in torque measurement, enabling precise torque realization and calibration across a wide range of values, including low torque ranges.
Implementation Method 1
a set of two spinning permanent magnets interacting with one stationary electromagnet via electromagnetic force, to determine the magnetic flux density of the permanent magnets as well as the physical characteristics of the electromagnet, thereby allowing for generation of high accuracy torques
Data Source
AI summary
Apparatus in accordance with embodiments of the present invention provide torque realization via electrical measurements traceable to the revised International Standard of Units (SI). Torque can be realized via a conversion of linear mechanism of a Kibble balance to a rotational mechanism. Embodiments of the present invention relates to an electronic torque realization apparatus including a rotor for holding permanent magnets and an encoder scale ring and for coupling to a torque device, a stator for characterizing physical aspects of a torque tool and for generating the torque on rotor in conjunction with the permanent magnets, a base plate for mounting a first end of rotor and stator, a cantilever for supporting a second end of rotor and for maintaining axial alignment, a bearing assembly for supporting the motion of rotor, and encoder for recording the angular position of rotor.