Electrophoretic I/O Device Dynamic Key Appearance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional input devices, such as keyboards, often have a static appearance that can lead to user confusion regarding input functions and detract from the uniformity and contrast of electronic devices, as they are typically separate from the device enclosure.

Innovation Solution

A dynamically modifiable input/output device that adjusts its size, shape, and graphic display to match the enclosure's appearance, utilizing an electrophoretic ink layer with pigment capsules to provide adaptable input and output functionality, including the ability to change symbols and keys based on application, environment, or user input.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of information

If a static appearance is used on input device keys, then the device structure is simple and manufacturing is easy, but user confusion occurs regarding input functions and visibility/contrast is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevisibility of input functionVSAvoidinput device structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the key appearance changeable rather than static. The display layer can dynamically update the visual appearance of keys to show different input functions (numbers, symbols, etc.) based on the active application or user selection, resolving the contradiction between simple structure and information visibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses parameter changes by modifying the visual parameters of the keys through the display layer. By changing display parameters (what is shown on the display layer) without changing the physical key structure, the system achieves multiple input function indications while maintaining structural simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Shape

If the input device has a separate appearance from the enclosure, then the device structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but the uniform appearance of the device is detracted and contrast is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveuniform appearanceVSAvoidintegration complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ShapeVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the input device with the enclosure by integrating the display layer into the enclosure surface. The keys are formed by display regions on the enclosure rather than separate physical keys, achieving uniform appearance while simplifying manufacturing through integration rather than assembly of separate components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The enclosure serves multiple functions: it provides structural housing and simultaneously displays input function information through the display layer. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate input device components, achieving both uniform appearance and manufacturing simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Loss of information

If multiple input functions are displayed statically on keys, then the device structure remains simple, but user awareness of active function is reduced and accidental selection may occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveuser awareness of active functionVSAvoiddisplay system
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent makes the display dynamic so that the active input function is clearly indicated through real-time updates. When a user presses a key or an application changes, the display layer updates to show the current active function, preventing user confusion and accidental selection while maintaining simple key structures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system provides feedback by updating the display layer in response to user input or application state changes. This feedback mechanism ensures users are always aware of the active input function, reducing errors while keeping the overall system relatively simple by using the existing display infrastructure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enhances user interaction by reducing confusion through adaptive functionality and aesthetics, improving visibility and contrast with the device enclosure, while maintaining a seamless appearance.

Implementation Method 1

utilizing an electrophoretic ink layer with pigment capsules to provide adaptable input and output functionality

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrophoresis: Electrophoresis

Data Source

PatentEP2954384B1Input/output device with a dynamically adjustable appearance and function
Publication Date: 2023.08.02 APPLE INC
  • EP2954384B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2954384B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP2954384B1 patent drawingFigure 2C~3

AI summary

A computing device is disclosed. The computing device may include a display, a processor in communication with the display and an enclosure connected to the display. The computing device may also include an input/output (I/O) device in communication with the processor. The I/O device may also be connected to the enclosure. Additionally, the I/O device may include a modifiable display that may substantially match the appearance of the enclosure.