Electrophoretic Display Pixel with Restrictor and Low Viscosity Fluid

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing electrophoretic display devices face challenges with slow switching times and bi-stable character, leading to inadequate pixel switching speed and homogenous pixel absorbance, particularly in the 'dark' state, which is not sufficient for many applications, and are plagued by issues like haze, unstable pigment storage, and electric breakdown.

Innovation Solution

The development of smaller pixel sizes (down to 0.1 milliseconds switching time) with a restrictor to enhance bi-stable time, using low viscosity fluids with charged particles smaller than 500 nm, and a dual-electrode system for improved particle distribution and control, along with a temperature-sensitive gel to maintain stability and reduce power consumption.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If electrophoretic display devices use conventional particle sizes and fluid viscosities, then particle movement is controllable, but switching times are slow (not sufficient for practical applications)

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching timeVSAvoidbi-stable character
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by reducing particle size from conventional micrometer scale to below 500 nm, and by using low viscosity fluids. These parameter changes enable faster particle movement (improving switching time) while the restrictor structure maintains bi-stable character by confining particles in storage areas when not in use.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The display cell is segmented into functional zones including aperture areas and storage areas. The restrictor structures divide the cell into regions that control particle movement, allowing particles to be quickly moved to aperture areas for display while being confined to storage areas when not displaying, thus maintaining bi-stability despite fast switching capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Speed

If pixel size is reduced to improve switching speed, then switching time decreases, but homogenous pixel absorbance in the 'dark' state deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching timeVSAvoidhomogenous pixel absorbance
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by creating different functional zones within the pixel structure. Aperture areas are optimized for light transmission and particle display, while storage areas are optimized for particle confinement. This local differentiation allows small pixel sizes with fast switching while maintaining homogeneous absorbance in the dark state through proper particle storage and retrieval mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The restrictor structures act as intermediaries between the particle suspension medium and the aperture areas. They control particle movement and distribution, ensuring homogeneous particle distribution in storage areas and enabling uniform absorbance characteristics even in small pixels with fast switching times.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Device complexity

If conventional electrophoretic display structures are used, then device simplicity is maintained, but haze and unstable pigment storage occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructure simplicityVSAvoidpigment storage stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The display cell is segmented into aperture areas and storage areas with restrictor structures. This segmentation provides stable pigment storage in dedicated storage areas while maintaining optical clarity in aperture areas, eliminating haze issues without significantly increasing overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts the storage function from the display aperture area by creating separate storage areas with restrictors. This separation removes unstable pigment storage from the optical path, eliminating haze while maintaining the basic electrophoretic display structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

4Device complexity

If electrophoretic display devices operate without restrictors, then device complexity is low, but bi-stable time is insufficient for practical use

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructure simplicityVSAvoidbi-stable time
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The display cell is segmented into aperture areas and storage areas with restrictor structures. This segmentation provides stable pigment storage in dedicated storage areas while maintaining optical clarity in aperture areas, eliminating haze issues without significantly increasing overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts the storage function from the display aperture area by creating separate storage areas with restrictors. This separation removes unstable pigment storage from the optical path, eliminating haze while maintaining the basic electrophoretic display structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution significantly reduces switching times by a factor of 4-16, achieves bi-stable times of over 10 seconds, and allows for practical use in various applications, including sunlight readability and adaptability to changing light conditions, while minimizing power consumption and preventing electrical breakdown.

Implementation Method 1

charged pigment particles are moved to generate a required pigmentation of a pixel

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrophoresis: Electrophoresis

Implementation Method 2

an electro-magnetic field, typically an electric field

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic field: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 3

a temperature-sensitive gel to maintain stability

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTemperature-sensitive gel: Gel

Data Source

PatentEP3004982B1Electrophoretic display
Publication Date: 2024.04.10 ELSTAR DYNAMICS PATENTS BV
  • EP3004982B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3

AI summary

Electrophoretic display devices are a relatively new technique of pixilated display devices in which charged pigment particles are moved to generate a required pigmentation of a pixel. The invention relates to a pixel for an electrophoretic display device, to a display device, to a driver circuit for use in the electrophoretic display device and to use of the electrophoretic display device.