Electrostatic Induction Electrodes for Low Power IC Card Communication
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional data communication devices between IC cards and read/write devices require significant power consumption due to the application of electric current to conduction loops, leading to high energy usage and increased manufacturing costs, especially in small-scale devices.
Innovation Solution
A data communication device utilizing electrostatic induction between buried electrostatic induction electrodes and reception/amplification circuits, allowing for non-contact dual-direction data communication with reduced power consumption and lower manufacturing costs by eliminating the need for electric current application to conduction loops.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If electric current is applied to conduction loops for data communication, then data communication is achieved, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces electromagnetic induction (conduction loop with electric current) with electrostatic induction (electrode with voltage signal). This substitution changes the fundamental physical mechanism from current-based to voltage-based, eliminating the need for continuous current flow and significantly reducing power consumption while maintaining data communication capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the operating parameter from current (in conduction loops) to voltage (in electrostatic induction electrodes). By applying voltage signals to the electrode instead of current to the loop, the system achieves data communication with much lower power consumption since voltage can be applied without continuous current flow
2Power
If conduction loop antenna is optimized for maximum efficiency, then gain and radiation power are maximized, but surface area and manufacturing cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent substitutes the conduction loop antenna structure with an electrostatic induction electrode structure. This replacement eliminates the need for large-area loop antennas optimized for electromagnetic radiation, as electrostatic induction can achieve effective coupling with smaller electrode surfaces, thereby reducing both surface area and manufacturing cost while maintaining communication efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the optimization parameter from electromagnetic radiation efficiency (requiring large loop area) to electrostatic induction efficiency. By optimizing the electrode configuration for electrostatic coupling rather than electromagnetic radiation, the system achieves effective data communication with smaller surface area and reduced manufacturing complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables efficient, low-power, and cost-effective non-contact data communication between IC cards and read/write devices, minimizing power consumption and manufacturing costs while maintaining communication efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a second electrostatic induction electrode facing the first electrostatic induction electrode so as to promote electrostatic induction between the first and second electrostatic induction electrodes
Data Source
AI summary
The IC card is mounted on the read and write device and the first electrostatic induction electrode and second electrostatic induction electrode are formed facing each other. The data signal is outputted from the first transmission and reception circuit to the first electrostatic induction electrode when the data signal is transmitted from the IC card to the read and write device. Then the first electrostatic induction electrode is charged based on the data signal and the electrostatic induction signal of the opposite polarity is induced at the second electrostatic induction electrode. The inverted data signal appears at the second electrostatic induction electrode. The second transmission and reception circuit of the read and write device receives and amplifies the inverted data signal, leading to the non-contact data communication with lower energy consumption and the lower cost.