Electrostatic Particle Detection in Gas Turbine Air Filtration

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional air filtration systems for gas turbines lack effective detection of damaged or defective filtration components, leading to reduced operational efficiency and potential damage to the turbine components due to undetected particles, requiring costly maintenance and shutdowns.

Innovation Solution

An air filtration assembly with a matrix of ionizers downstream of vane and fabric filters, which charges particles and uses electrostatic sensors to detect charged particles, allowing for early identification of filtration component issues and preventing damage by shutting down the system when necessary.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional filtration systems are used without detection mechanisms, then the system structure remains simple, but particles can damage turbine components and reduce operational efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefiltration system reliabilityVSAvoidfiltration system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The electrostatic sensor is positioned to detect particles before they reach the turbine components, enabling early warning and preventive maintenance. The ionizer charges particles upstream, allowing the sensor to detect them in advance of potential damage

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

An electrostatic field is introduced as an intermediary mechanism between the filtration components and the turbine. The ionizer creates charged particles that are then detected by the electrostatic sensor, providing an indirect but effective monitoring method

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If multiple stages of filtration components are added to prevent particles, then particle filtration improves, but the system becomes more complex and costly to maintain

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparticle contaminationVSAvoidfiltration system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The electrostatic sensor provides continuous feedback about particle presence to the control system. When particles are detected, the system can trigger alarms or shutdowns, enabling proactive maintenance before components are damaged

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces complex mechanical detection systems with an electrostatic field-based detection method. The ionizer and electrostatic sensor provide a non-mechanical means of detecting particles, reducing mechanical complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Productivity

If filtration components operate for extended periods, then productivity is maintained, but components degrade and become damaged

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas turbine productivityVSAvoidfiltration component reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The electrostatic sensor provides early warning of particle presence before filtration components become damaged. This allows maintenance to be scheduled proactively, preventing catastrophic failures and extended shutdowns

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system monitors its own operational status through the electrostatic sensor, providing self-diagnosis capabilities. The sensor detects particles that indicate filtration component degradation, enabling the system to signal when maintenance is needed

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enables early detection of particle issues, preventing damage to gas turbine components, maintaining operational efficiency, and reducing maintenance costs by allowing for timely repair or replacement of filtration components.

Implementation Method 1

an electrostatic component positioned in the air inlet duct, downstream of the array of fabric filters, the electrostatic component configured to charge the intake air particles that pass through the plurality of vane filters and the array of fabric filters

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrostatic charging: Electrostatic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3858458B1Air filtration assemblies for gas turbine systems and methods for filtering intake air in gas turbine systems
Publication Date: 2024.02.28 GENERAL ELECTRIC TECH GMBH
  • EP3858458B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3858458B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3858458B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Air filtration assemblies (100) configured to provide instant detection of particles (112) and/or improve particle filtration are disclosed. The assemblies may include an air inlet duct (102) in fluid communication with a compressor (12) of a gas turbine system (10). The air inlet duct (102) may include an inlet (106) for receiving intake air (104) including intake air (104) particles (112), and an outlet (108) positioned opposite the inlet (106). The assembly may also include a plurality of vane filters (118) at the inlet (106), an array of fabric filters (120) positioned in the air inlet duct (102), downstream of the vane filters (118), and a silencer assembly (122) positioned in the air inlet duct (102), downstream of the fabric filters (120). Additionally, the assembly may include an electrostatic component (124) positioned in the air inlet duct (102), downstream of the fabric filters (120). The electrostatic component (124) may be configured to charge the intake air (104) particles (112) that pass through the vane filters (118) and the fabric filters (120).